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Among deployed U.S. service members who died of combat or unintentional injuries and received autopsies, the prevalence of atherosclerosis varied by age and cardiovascular risk factors.
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Adults with private health care insurance in the United States have suboptimal testing for chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV). Clearly, increased awareness is needed regarding HBV and HCV infections, epidemiology, risk, and screening.
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The authors concluded that in patients with AF, decreasing GFR was associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events and bleeding. Apixaban as compared to warfarin reduced these risks regardless of renal function, with the greatest benefit seen in reducing major bleeding in those with impaired renal function.
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A selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), also known as an estrogen agonist/antagonist, has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of dyspareunia (painful intercourse) in postmenopausal women. Ospemifene is manufactured by Penn Pharmaceuticals Services Ltd. and marketed by Shionogi Inc. as Osphena.
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The injection of a dextrose solution in and around the knee (prolotherapy) is an alternative treatment for the pain of knee osteoarthritis. A randomized, controlled trial shows that prolotherapy is effective for long-term control of knee pain and improvement in knee function.
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Five days of steroid treatment was as effective as 14 days of treatment in preventing repeat exacerbations of COPD in patients presenting to the emergency department with COPD exacerbations.