Primary Care/Hospitalist
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Hot Beverages and Esophageal Cancer
In a cohort of more than 50,000 people, there was a higher risk of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma in those who consumed higher quantities of mostly black tea at hotter temperatures.
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Reducing Mortality in Stable Ischemic Heart Disease Patients
A multivariate analysis of a large registry of patients with stable ischemic heart disease revealed that beta-blocker use was associated with lower mortality only when prescribed in the first year after acute myocardial infarction.
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Atorvastatin: What Is Good for the Heart Is Good for the Kidneys
For patients at risk of or who already have been diagnosed with cardiovascular disease and are taking atorvastatin, an added benefit is improved kidney function in a dose-dependent manner.
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New Tool May Identify People at Risk for HIV
A potential analytical tool may help providers identify those at risk for HIV in efforts to offer pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP). Using a machine-learning algorithm to predict who could become infected with HIV during a three-year period, researchers were able to flag 2.2% of 3.7 million patients as high or very high risk.
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Check Postpartum Opioid Use in New Moms
In a new national cohort study of more than 300,000 deliveries, findings indicate that women who received a peripartum opioid prescription had rates of new persistent opioid use of 1.7% for vaginal delivery and 2.2% for cesarean delivery.
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Researchers Examine Use of Dapivirine Ring for HIV Prevention
In 2017, estimates indicated there were 37 million people living with HIV and 1.8 million new infections around the globe. In hard-hit sub-Saharan Africa, where young women are disproportionately affected by HIV, new research from an open-label trial of a dapivirine vaginal ring confirms that women will use the device to prevent HIV. The ring was estimated to reduce the risk of HIV by 39%, according to statistical modeling.
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Analysis Focuses on Testosterone Use in Postmenopause
Results of a comprehensive meta-analysis indicate that testosterone can improve sexual well-being for postmenopausal women. According to the analysis, benefits included improved sexual desire, function, and pleasure, and fewer concerns about sex.
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Year-Long Supply of Pills Effective in Preventing Pregnancy, Cutting Costs
Findings from the new paper, published by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, indicate that reducing birth control refills would be more effective for preventing undesired pregnancies among female veterans. The money saved on healthcare costs would more than outweigh the expense of providing multiple pill packs at one time.
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Revamping the Daily Pill: Research to Begin on Monthly Pill
Although lowering side effects plays an important role in oral contraceptive compliance, one of the biggest challenges for patients is adhering to the daily schedule of the pill. Forgetting one to three pills per cycle is a frequent problem among 15-51% of users, particularly among adolescents. Lyndra Therapeutics has received a $13 million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and is setting out to remove the daily pill compliance challenge. The company is in early development of a monthly oral contraceptive to provide women with a discreet, noninvasive, reversible contraception option.
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Poor Diet May Cause More Than 80,000 Cancers Each Year in the United States
In a recent analysis, investigators noted a correlation between a diet loaded with processed red meat and various types of cancers.