Primary Care/Hospitalist
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Nicotinamide Chemoprevention for Skin Cancer Is Impressive
In a Phase III, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial, oral nicotinamide was safe and effective in reducing the rates of new nonmelanoma skin cancers and actinic keratoses in high-risk patients.
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Vitamin D Levels and Cognitive Function: Does It Make a Difference?
Similar to previous studies, vitamin D deficiency and insufficiency rates were not significantly different between those with normal cognitive status, mild cognitive impairment, or dementia. However, cognitive decline occurred at a significantly greater rate in individuals with low 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels in the areas of episodic memory and executive function.
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Is it Normal Aging or Chronic Kidney Disease?
Current clinical guidelines for the diagnosis of chronic kidney disease resulted in more than half of adults > 70 years of age having chronic kidney disease. Should these guidelines change to require age calibration for diagnosis and classification of chronic kidney disease?
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ECG Review: Why are aVR Waveforms Positive?
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Clinical Briefs
In this section: Are annual physicals worth it?; breakfast might be the most important meal of the day; and evaluating the total knee replacement. -
Insulin Degludec Injection (Tresiba)
Insulin degludec provides an alternative to insulin glargine and insulin detemir as long-acting human insulin analogs.
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Beta-blocker Dose More Important Than Heart Rate in Systolic Heart Failure
In chronic heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, titrating beta-blocker doses may confer a greater benefit than reducing heart rate.
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Using Procalcitonin to Differentiate Bacterial from Viral Meningitis
A meta-analysis based on nine studies found an elevated serum procalcitonin to be an accurate test for differentiating bacterial from viral meningitis in adults.
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Risk of New Onset Diabetes When Blood Pressure Becomes Elevated Over the Usual Measurement
An increase of 20 mmHg in systolic blood pressure was associated with a 58% higher risk of new-onset diabetes mellitus, whereas an increase of 10 mmHg in diastolic blood pressure was associated with a 52% higher risk of developing new-onset diabetes mellitus.
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Congenital syphilis on rise — What you can do
Are you testing your pregnant patients for syphilis at the first prenatal visit and treating them if infected? If not, it’s time to step up your efforts. An analysis from the CDC shows that after years of decline, the number of congenital syphilis cases reported in the United States increased between 2012 and 2014.