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The critically ill or injured child presents both a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge to any Emergency Department. Vascular access, airway management, fluid therapy, invasive procedures and medication selection all must be coordinated and delivered in a time-sensitive manner.
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Pediatric head trauma is a common presenting complaint to the emergency department (ED) and is a major cause of pediatric death and disability. This article will address the epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of moderate to severe pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI), with a focus on strategies to improve outcome.
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Although lower extremity fractures are much less common than upper extremity fractures in children, the correct diagnosis and management of this type of injury is critical. In the second part of this series the authors review common lower extremity fractures, fractures common in abused children and the diagnosis and treatment of radial head subluxation. Children are much more likely to sustain fractures rather than ligamentous injuries and identification of injuries and timely management will maximize an optimal outcome. Awareness of certain unique pediatric fractures such as the triplane juvenile fracture and the juvenile Tillaux fracture will allow for prompt treatment and referral. The authors also provide a table encompassing guidelines for ED management and treatment of common pediatric orthopedic injuries.
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>Pediatric fractures are commonly encountered in the emergency department (ED). Approximately 50% of children will fracture a bone during childhood. The unique injury patterns, especially those involving the physis, require that clinicians have a complete and thorough understanding of appropriate diagnostic and management strategies to maximize a child's potential for an optimal outcome.
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Health care clinicians and organizations likely will find that the new health care reform bill's positive features outweigh its drawbacks, experts say.
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Hypoglycemia is the most common metabolic disorder in children.
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Abdominal pain in childhood is a common presentation to the emergency department (ED). While most cases are benign, they frequently create a diagnostic dilemma. The spectrum of disease varies widely from neonates to infants, children, and adolescents, and requires the clinician to rapidly differentiate between a benign medical diagnosis versus a potential surgical abdomen to minimize morbidity and mortality.
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