Obstetrics/Gynecology
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Nonhormonal Treatment for Menopausal Vasomotor Symptoms: A Phase III Study of Fezolinetant
In this multinational, randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial, 522 women with moderate to severe menopausal vasomotor symptoms received either 45 mg of fezolinetant, 30 mg fezolinetant, or placebo. Both fezolinetant doses significantly reduced the frequency and severity of menopausal symptoms at four and 12 weeks of treatment as compared with placebo.
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Mothers, Babies, and HPV: Thanks for Not Sharing!
Nearly half of pregnant women in a Canadian study had vaginal swabs positive for human papillomavirus (HPV) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA). Only about one-fourth of placentas and newborns produced by those HPV-positive women carried detectable HPV DNA, and all HPV-positive babies had cleared their positivity by 6 months of age.
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Cabergoline: An Effective Intervention for Unwanted Lactation After Second Trimester Uterine Evacuation
In this double-blind, randomized controlled trial among 73 patients between 18 and 28 weeks’ gestation undergoing dilation and evacuation or induction of labor for abortion or fetal demise, a one-time dose of 1 mg of cabergoline compared to placebo reduced post-delivery lactation-related breast symptoms in the treatment arm (27.8% vs. 97.0%; relative risk, 0.05; 95% confidence interval, 0.01-0.33).
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Effectiveness and Safety of Low-Dose Aspirin to Prevent Preterm Preeclampsia
An aspirin dosage of 150 mg to 162 mg per day, when started in the first trimester of pregnancy, was linked to a decreased risk of preterm preeclampsia compared to an aspirin dosage of 75 mg to 81 mg per day.
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Is It Safe to Skip the Pelvic Examination Before Gender-Affirming Hysterectomy and Vaginectomy?
A retrospective chart review of individuals undergoing gender-affirming hysterectomy, vaginectomy, or both found no difference in 30-day perioperative outcomes between those who received a preoperative internal pelvic examination and those who did not. These findings indicate that omitting such potentially triggering exams may be safe.
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Fezolinetant Tablets (Veozah)
Fezolinetant can be prescribed to treat moderate-to-severe vasomotor symptoms caused by menopause.
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Preconception Hepatitis B and Congenital Heart Disease
A new study suggests that both women and men who have had hepatitis B infection prior to conceiving offspring are more likely to give birth to children with congenital heart disease.
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Maternal, Fetal, and Infant Implications of a Positive Syphilis Screening During Pregnancy
Although syphilis screening during pregnancy is effective in identifying maternal syphilis, it is not without consequences. False-positive syphilis testing can result in unwarranted antibiotic therapy; re-screening based on risk is not always consistent, and among pregnant women who truly test positive to syphilis, treatment is not always optimized to prevent congenital syphilis.
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Barriers to Urogynecologic Care
There is a paucity of literature on barriers to urogynecologic care in racial/ethnic minorities. Continued evaluation is needed to better understand the unique barriers to urogynecologic care in these populations.
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Ovarian Torsion: What Is the Best Surgical Management Strategy?
In this national retrospective cohort study from 2008 to 2020, there were 1,791 surgeries for adnexal torsion, with 30.3% involving ovarian conservation and the remainder undergoing oophorectomy. The proportion of oophorectomies compared to ovarian conservation decreased slightly over the study period (average decrease, -1.6% per year; 95% confidence interval, -3.0%- to -0.22%).