Obstetrics/Gynecology
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Revamping the Daily Pill: Research to Begin on Monthly Pill
Although lowering side effects plays an important role in oral contraceptive compliance, one of the biggest challenges for patients is adhering to the daily schedule of the pill. Forgetting one to three pills per cycle is a frequent problem among 15-51% of users, particularly among adolescents. Lyndra Therapeutics has received a $13 million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and is setting out to remove the daily pill compliance challenge. The company is in early development of a monthly oral contraceptive to provide women with a discreet, noninvasive, reversible contraception option.
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Hormonal Contraception and HIV: Does DMPA Increase Risk of Transmission?
This special feature includes a review of the evidence for the effect of hormonal and nonhormonal methods on HIV risk.
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Identify and Treat Urologic Injuries at Hysterectomy to Reduce Fistulas
In a large population-based cohort study, genitourinary fistulas were increased significantly if ureteral and/or bladder injuries were not identified and treated at the time of hysterectomy.
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Patients' Views on Adverse Events Following Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery
Patients see poor functional outcomes as severe adverse events following pelvic floor surgery.
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Should Obesity Be a Contraindication to Postpartum Tubal Sterilization?
In this retrospective cohort study of 279 women undergoing postpartum partial salpingectomy after vaginal delivery, the mean operative time for women with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 was only 5.5 minutes longer than the time for women with a BMI < 30 kg/m2.
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New Target May Lead to Chlamydia Treatment Options
Reproductive health providers battle against chlamydia every day, as it is the most commonly reported sexually transmitted infection in the U.S. According to data from the CDC, more than 1.7 million cases were diagnosed in 2017, with 45% among females ages 15-24 years. New research has identified a potential target for drug treatment that may help develop alternate approaches to stem infections.
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HIV Screening, PrEP Receive USPSTF Recommendation
The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) has issued final recommendations that providers screen for HIV in everyone ages 15-65 years, and all pregnant women as well as younger adolescents and older adults at increased risk for HIV. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) also should be offered to people at high risk of HIV, USPSTF recommends. Since 2006, the CDC has recommended universal HIV screening at least once for people ages 13-64 years, with annual or more frequent rescreenings for persons at increased risk. However, new data indicate that such recommendations have not been fully implemented.
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Focus on Integrative Approaches to Pain, Anxiety Management During Adolescent IUD Insertion
On Jan. 1, 2018, The Joint Commission implemented new and revised pain assessment and management standards for accredited hospitals. The additions and revisions require hospitals to “provide at least one non-pharmacological pain treatment modality.” There are several non-pharmacologic approaches to offer adolescents to help manage anxiety and pain related to intrauterine device (IUD) insertions. Such methods include hypnotic language, music, heat therapy, social support (“IUD doula”), acupressure, and aromatherapy.
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Study Examines Effect of Vitamin D, Estradiol Deficiency on Metabolic Syndrome
Menopause is associated with an increased risk for metabolic syndrome, a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. New research indicates that vitamin D and estradiol may help protect against these conditions.
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Research Continues Toward Potential Herpes Vaccine
After promising research for a potential herpes vaccine stalled in 2018, scientists are finding new paths for investigation that may lead to a potential candidate. Recently published research by Yale University investigators may offer clues to an effective vaccine option.