Obstetrics/Gynecology
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Scientists Make Important Step Toward HIV Cure
In two separate papers, scientists have documented how their efforts reversed HIV and simian immunodeficiency virus latency in two animal models. Findings indicated progress toward an HIV cure.
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Generic Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Set to Debut
Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), which consists of the anti-HIV drugs emtricitabine and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF/FTC, brand name Truvada), is recommended as a first-line resource in HIV prevention. A generic version of the drug combination is set to be released in 2020, which could expand access to PrEP in the United States.
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Drug Studied for Treatment of Fibroid-Associated Bleeding
Elagolix, a gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist currently used in the treatment of endometriosis pain, is now being studied for treatment of uterine fibroids and heavy menstrual bleeding in women. The drug was approved by the FDA in July 2018 for the treatment of moderate to severe endometriosis pain.
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Expanding Intrauterine Contraceptive Choices: Science Seeks Options
The copper T 380A intrauterine device (IUD), developed almost 50 years ago, was introduced in the United States in 1988. It is an extremely effective form of birth control. Researchers are conducting a clinical trial comparing the device with a newer, smaller copper IUD not sold in the United States.
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Long-Lasting, Woman-Controlled Contraception Is Here
Annovera is designed for 21 days of continuous use, followed by a seven-day ring-free interval, during which the ring is removed, washed, and stored. Unlike other products, the same ring is used for subsequent cycles for an entire year (13 cycles total).
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Adverse Perinatal Outcomes Related to Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy
While a diagnosis of intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy is associated with an increased risk for stillbirth, preterm birth, and neonatal respiratory issues, consensus on management within the obstetrics community has not been reached.
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Are We Doing Too Many Unnecessary Pelvic Exams and Pap Tests in Young Women?
In this cross-sectional national survey, the authors estimated that 23% of women aged 15 to 20 years had received a bimanual pelvic exam, of which half (54%) were deemed potentially unnecessary, and 19% of the population received a Pap test, of which 72% were potentially unnecessary.
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Knowledge of Pelvic Floor Disorders Among Pregnant and Postpartum Women
Pregnant and postpartum patients lack knowledge about urinary incontinence and prolapse.
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Baby-Friendly Policies May Be Ineffective in Improving Breastfeeding Outcomes in the United States
Data analysis from the 2018 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Breastfeeding Report Card failed to show improvements in breastfeeding outcomes in Baby-Friendly facilities over statewide breastfeeding initiation programs.
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CNS Agents Emerge as Frontrunners in FDA-Approved Treatments for Low Libido in Women
Low libido is the most common sexual complaint, affecting up to 38.7% of women, with up to 12.3% also reporting significant distress associated with this condition. In the past five years, for the first time in history, there are two Food and Drug Administration-approved medications specifically for treating hypoactive sexual desire disorder in women. Of note, both medications are central nervous system agents.