Obstetrics/Gynecology Topics
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The Role of Probiotics and Synbiotics for Management of Gestational Diabetes
Probiotics and synbiotics have shown promise in reducing insulin resistance and enhancing glycemic control, blood lipid profiles, and inflammation among women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Although they hold potential as a treatment option for GDM, conclusive recommendations await larger, well-designed randomized controlled trials with extended follow-up periods.
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Supplemental Calcium Therapy for the Prevention of Preeclampsia and Preterm Birth
In pregnancy, calcium supplementation was well tolerated and reduced the risk of preeclampsia and preterm birth, with no significant differences observed between low-dose and high-dose supplementation.
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Medications for OUD in the First Trimester and Congenital Malformation Risk
In this large, retrospective cohort study of births covered by Medicaid from 2000-2018, the authors used linked Medicaid use data to compare 9,514 pregnancies with buprenorphine exposure and 3,846 with methadone exposure in the first trimester. After adjusting for relevant confounders, the risk of major congenital malformation was lower for buprenorphine-exposed infants compared to methadone-exposed infants (risk ratio, 0.82; 95% confidence interval, 0.69-0.97), although rates overall remained low (50.9 per 1,000 for buprenorphine and 60.6 per 1,000 for methadone).
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New Guidelines on p16/Ki67 Dual Stain for Triage of HPV-Positive Cervical Cancer Screening Tests
This article outlines national consensus guidelines for the use of p16/Ki67 dual stain for triage of human papillomavirus-positive cervical cancer screening tests.
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Novel Combined Oral Contraceptives and VTE Risk: What Do We Know?
Recently, novel combined oral contraceptives containing estradiol valerate-dienogest, estetrol-drospirenone, and 17-beta estradiol with nomegestrol acetate have been released. Whether these types of estrogen are safer than ethinyl estradiol formulations in terms of venous thromboembolism risk is unknown.
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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: An Update on Care
Early detection of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) allows for the implementation of appropriate interventions to reduce the adverse effects of uncontrolled hyperglycemia, making GDM screening an integral part of prenatal care. However, the question of whether to adopt universal or selective (risk-based) screening for GDM has been a subject of ongoing debate and lacks a clear international consensus.
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Is Cannabis Abuse During Pregnancy Associated with Poor Neonatal Outcomes?
Cannabis use disorder is associated with small but significant increased risks measured in multiple neonatal outcomes.
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Permanent Contraception Regret in the Modern Age
In this Canadian cross-sectional survey of a convenience sample of 844 patients who had undergone female sterilization, the prevalence of regret was 16%.
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Pelvic Exams During Annual Gynecologic Visits
A retrospective chart review of 1,121 patients undergoing annual gynecology exams showed that 1.2% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.5 to 1.9) of asymptomatic patients had physical exam findings on pelvic exam compared to 32.4% (95% CI, 27.0 to 37.8) of symptomatic patients.
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Integrating Reproductive History Could Help Postmenopausal Women’s Long-Term Brain Health
Researchers observed patients with higher cumulative estrogen exposure throughout their life may be at lower risk of developing cerebral small vessel disease.