Obstetrics/Gynecology General
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Researchers Examine Use of Dapivirine Ring for HIV Prevention
In 2017, estimates indicated there were 37 million people living with HIV and 1.8 million new infections around the globe. In hard-hit sub-Saharan Africa, where young women are disproportionately affected by HIV, new research from an open-label trial of a dapivirine vaginal ring confirms that women will use the device to prevent HIV. The ring was estimated to reduce the risk of HIV by 39%, according to statistical modeling.
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Analysis Focuses on Testosterone Use in Postmenopause
Results of a comprehensive meta-analysis indicate that testosterone can improve sexual well-being for postmenopausal women. According to the analysis, benefits included improved sexual desire, function, and pleasure, and fewer concerns about sex.
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Year-Long Supply of Pills Effective in Preventing Pregnancy, Cutting Costs
Findings from the new paper, published by researchers at the University of Pittsburgh and the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, indicate that reducing birth control refills would be more effective for preventing undesired pregnancies among female veterans. The money saved on healthcare costs would more than outweigh the expense of providing multiple pill packs at one time.
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Revamping the Daily Pill: Research to Begin on Monthly Pill
Although lowering side effects plays an important role in oral contraceptive compliance, one of the biggest challenges for patients is adhering to the daily schedule of the pill. Forgetting one to three pills per cycle is a frequent problem among 15-51% of users, particularly among adolescents. Lyndra Therapeutics has received a $13 million grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and is setting out to remove the daily pill compliance challenge. The company is in early development of a monthly oral contraceptive to provide women with a discreet, noninvasive, reversible contraception option.
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Identify and Treat Urologic Injuries at Hysterectomy to Reduce Fistulas
In a large population-based cohort study, genitourinary fistulas were increased significantly if ureteral and/or bladder injuries were not identified and treated at the time of hysterectomy.
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Patients' Views on Adverse Events Following Pelvic Reconstructive Surgery
Patients see poor functional outcomes as severe adverse events following pelvic floor surgery.
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Should Obesity Be a Contraindication to Postpartum Tubal Sterilization?
In this retrospective cohort study of 279 women undergoing postpartum partial salpingectomy after vaginal delivery, the mean operative time for women with a BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2 was only 5.5 minutes longer than the time for women with a BMI < 30 kg/m2.
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Focus on Integrative Approaches to Pain, Anxiety Management During Adolescent IUD Insertion
On Jan. 1, 2018, The Joint Commission implemented new and revised pain assessment and management standards for accredited hospitals. The additions and revisions require hospitals to “provide at least one non-pharmacological pain treatment modality.” There are several non-pharmacologic approaches to offer adolescents to help manage anxiety and pain related to intrauterine device (IUD) insertions. Such methods include hypnotic language, music, heat therapy, social support (“IUD doula”), acupressure, and aromatherapy.
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Study Examines Effect of Vitamin D, Estradiol Deficiency on Metabolic Syndrome
Menopause is associated with an increased risk for metabolic syndrome, a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. New research indicates that vitamin D and estradiol may help protect against these conditions.
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Medicaid Reimbursement Change Increases Interbirth Intervals Among Teens
After changing its Medicaid policy to provide reimbursement for immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception (LARCs) separate from the global labor and delivery payment, South Carolina saw an increase in immediate postpartum LARC initiation and increased birth spacing among young women.