Neurology
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Medical Therapy vs. Carotid Endarterectomy in Patients with Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis
Since the pivotal trials demonstrating the benefit of endarterectomy vs. medical therapy many years ago, there has been significant improvement in the risk factors for atherosclerosis, including better treatment of blood pressure and diabetes, as well as improved antiplatelet medication regimens and high-potency statins.
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Rhabdomyolysis Etiology
Rhabdomyolysis can be a life-threatening condition that often triggers a neurology consultation during an investigation for cause. However, in this recent study, the majority of cases (79%) were triggered by external, non-neuromuscular causes, and the others, although suspicious for an intrinsic muscular or genetic cause, rarely had a specific diagnosis confirmed.
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Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Duration Is Predictive of Life Expectancy
Total sleep duration declines with increasing age, as does the fraction of sleep spent in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. The decline in REM is associated with increasing mortality, but it is not clear if this is a cause or a marker of declining health and declining brain function.
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Cranial Neuropathy in CIDP
Cranial nerves are infrequently involved in typical chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, but involvement is more common in multifocal acquired demyelinating sensory and motor neuropathy (about 50%). The facial nerve is the most commonly affected cranial nerve, often bilateral.
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Neurotropism of COVID-19: What Is New?
SARS-CoV-2 may gain access to the brain via the olfactory epithelium. The olfactory epithelium and bulbs may serve as an entry point for SARS-CoV-2 infection into the central nervous system.
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Casirivimab + Imdevimab Injection
Casirivimab/imdevimab should be used to treat mild to moderate COVID-19 in adults and patients ≥ 12 years of age weighing at least 40 kg who have tested positive for SARS-CoV-2.
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Multiple Sclerosis and Vascular Disease
Researchers evaluated the presence and pathological significance of extracranial systemic and cerebral small vessel disease in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) compared to healthy controls. MS patients exhibited less systemic vascular disease and more small vessel disease in the brain vs. controls.
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Antibiotics for Traveler’s Diarrhea
International travel carries a risk of colonization by antimicrobial-resistant intestinal flora. Using quinolone, but not a macrolide, during travel further increases the risk of acquisition of extended-spectrum, beta-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae.
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The Effect of Age on Cholesterol-Lowering Therapy
Investigators analyzed data on the effect of age on cardiovascular (CV) outcomes and LDL cholesterol-lowering by alirocumab vs. placebo in recent acute coronary syndrome patients. They found alirocumab can lower the rate of CV events regardless of age — and produce more absolute benefit with age.
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Healthcare Personnel COVID-19 Hospitalizations and Vaccine Prioritization
During the period of study, 5.9% of individuals hospitalized for COVID-19-related reasons were healthcare providers (HCP), with approximately one-third involving HCP who were not expected to directly contact patients.