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For decades, lactulose, a non-absorbable disaccharide, has been considered to be the standard-of-care, first-line therapy for acute (overt) hepatic encephalopathy. Hepatic encephalopathy (HE), a complication of decompensated liver cirrhosis, represents a spectrum of clinical manifestations ranging from mild neuropsychiatric changes to coma and is a common indication for hospital admission.
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The Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Society Adult Patient Database prospectively records data on patients cared for in 90% of Australian and 50% of New Zealand ICUs.
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Pain defined as an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage, or described in terms of such damage1 is a common symptom experienced by critically ill patients.
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Gershengorn and colleagues used prospectively collected data from the Project IMPACT database (a nationwide, voluntary, proprietary database for assessing performance of U.S. ICUs with respect to patient outcomes and numerous other variables) to examine the question of whether the use of arterial catheters (ACs) in critically ill, mechanically ventilated patients was associated with improved survival or other documentable benefits.
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Delirium, or acute brain dysfunction, is a syndrome that affects many patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). A number of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors contribute to the development of delirium, such as illness severity, receipt of benzodiazepine medications, and metabolic alterations.
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The Choosing Wisely Campaign was introduced in 2011 by the American Board of Internal Medicine to identify practices and procedures physicians and patients should question. The critical care top 5 list was developed through a collaborative effort of several critical care societies.
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