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The use of aspirin for the primary prevention of cardiovascular (CV) disease remains controversial.
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Screening for lung cancer by means of chest X-ray (CXR) does not reduce mortality, even with the addition of sputum cytology.
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A few years ago, vitamin E was deemed to be an extremely important nutrient required to maintain health, prevent or delay several disorders, and prolong life. However, many clinical trials involving intervention with supplemental administration of vitamin E failed to establish or confirm these benefits. A similar prominence is being afforded at present to vitamin D because of relationships being documented between vitamin D deficiency and multiple outcomes, including several disorders and mortality.
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Therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest makes prediction of prognosis more difficult, and neuron-specific enolase measurements add an additional objective test to help determine outcome.
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It has been well recognized that a peak in stroke onset occurs during the early morning hours. This possible circadian periodicity is not well understood, and may in part represent stroke onset earlier during the night that goes unrecognized until the patient arouses.
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Migraine patients show impairment in the processing of global visual features, compared with controls, both between and immediately after an attack. The pattern of ictal-interictal potential as noted on magnetoencephalography studies can characterize different migraine types.
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Sleep-disordered breathing is a significant risk factor for cognitive decline and continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy may prevent or slow this process.
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Amyloidosis may present with the clinical and electrophysiologic features of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Nerve biopsy may be necessary to make an accurate diagnosis.
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Extended-release pramipexole is effective in both early and advanced Parkinson's disease, with a safety and tolerability profile similar to that of immediate-release pramipexole.