Neurology
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Idiopathic Phrenic Neuropathy
Isolated phrenic neuropathy is a rare syndrome, often associated with a surgical procedure and diabetes mellitus, and has no proven, effective therapy other than respiratory support.
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Prevalence and Progression of Epilepsy in Adults with Mitochondrial Disease
In a prospective study of 182 consecutive patients at a specialized mitochondrial clinic in the United Kingdom, followed for more than 7 years, recording the initial prevalence of epilepsy, and subsequently tracking occurrences of new seizure activity, status epilepticus, stroke-like episodes, and death during the follow-up period, epilepsy was found to be a common feature of these disorders.
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Pregnancy Outcomes in Patients with Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorders
Based on a retrospective analysis of an international cohort of women with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders who had at least one pregnancy, the authors report a higher risk for miscarriage and preeclampsia in patients who were diagnosed before pregnancy.
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Inflammatory Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: Can We Avoid the Biopsy?
Refinement of the imaging criteria for cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation may increase sensitivity and specificity enough to forgo brain biopsy.
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Clinical Briefs
In this section: revisiting cancer screening recommendations; weighing the benefits of a COPD treatment; and expanding the safe prescribing of metformin.
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Elvitegravir, Cobicistat, Emtricitabine, and Tenofovir Alafenamide (Genvoya)
A complete regimen for the treatment of HIV-1 infections in adults and pediatric patients ≥ 12 years of age.
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Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Patients Need No Convincing
Fecal microbiota transplantation appears effective in approximately 55-90% of patients with relapsing and refractory Clostridium difficile infection, and will prove a blessing to those who have been in a miserable cycle of recurrent disease.
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Optimal Beta-blocker Dose Post-MI
Investigators from the Outcome of Beta-blocker Therapy After Myocardial Infarction (OBTAIN) study hypothesized that the higher the dose of beta-blocker the lower the mortality.
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Metformin and Colorectal Cancer Risk
In a retrospective cohort study of patients with type 2 diabetes who had ≥ 1 adenoma detected at baseline colonoscopy and a repeat colonoscopy 1-10 years later, metformin use lowered the risk of subsequent adenomas after polypectomy.
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Cardiovascular Events Associated with Masked Hypertension and White-coat Hypertension
Analysis from the Dallas Heart Study consisting of 3027 adults revealed that both white-coat hypertension and masked hypertension were independently associated with increased cardiovascular events, and, therefore, home blood pressure monitoring is recommended for U.S. adults, whether symptomatic or asymptomatic.