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Leflunomides immunomodulatory activity derives from its action as a competitive inhibitor of the rate-limiting enzyme necessary for pyrimidine synthesis.
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Evidence suggests that Erythropoietin acts by stimulating neuroprotective pathways, including the protein kinase B cascade and the transcription factor nuclear factor-kB pathway, to activate antiapoptotic and antioxidant factors.
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The good news from the Oxford Vascular Study is that community-wide risk factor modifications and preventive treatment are worth the effort, and that further reductions in stroke incidence are possible with more widespread stroke prevention programs.
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These findings are amongst the most direct data to date that oxidative damage plays a critical role in normal human aging.
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Converging evidence implicates both protein aggregation as well as oxidative damage in mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinsons disease pathogenesis. It is likely that these factors may interact.
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Treatment of TGA patients with antiplatelet treatment is likely warranted, particularly if there are underlying vascular risk factors.
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These papers and the accompanying editorial by Rascol bring attention to a known but under-recognized complication of ergot derivatives.
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This is the latest of several important publications by Dr. Fullerton and her colleagues, at The University of California at San Francisco, describing details of the epidemiology of pediatric stroke during the last 2 decades of the 20th century.
