Neurology Alert
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Migraine and the Blood-brain Barrier
During spontaneous attacks of migraine with visual aura, magnetic imaging studies indicate that the blood-brain barrier remains intact and the pons is activated.
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Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation and Cognitive Decline
In a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of 1,680 participants aged 70 years or older, there was no significant difference in cognitive decline between any of the intervention groups taking omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation and/or multidomain intervention (physical activity, cognitive training, and nutritional advice) compared to the placebo group. However, exploratory post hoc analyses showed some promise for a protective effect with intervention in certain at-risk subgroups.
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Distinguishing the Neuropathy Associated with MGUS from POEMS
Nerve conduction and electromyography can help differentiate the neuropathy associated with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) from polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M-protein, and skin changes (POEMS).
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Randomized Trial of Cannabidiol for Medically Refractory Seizures in Dravet Syndrome
In a double-blind study, 120 children and young adults with the Dravet syndrome and medically refractory seizures were assigned randomly to receive either cannabidiol or placebo, as well as their usual antiepileptic drugs/therapies. The primary finding was a significant decrease in convulsive seizure frequency during the 14-week treatment period for patients receiving cannabidiol compared to those receiving placebo.
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Consumption of Artificially Sweetened Beverages Increases Stroke Risk
Higher recent and higher cumulative intake of artificially sweetened soft drinks was associated with an increased risk of ischemic stroke and Alzheimer’s disease. However, sugar-sweetened beverage consumption was not associated with stroke or dementia.
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Excellent Outcome 2 Years After Endovascular Mechanical Thrombectomy
The beneficial effects of endovascular treatments on functional outcome at two years in patients with acute ischemic stroke was similar to those reported at 90 days in the original trial.
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Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Adult Cerebral X-linked ALD
Based on review of data from 14 patients with adult cerebral X-linked adrenoleukodystrophy who were treated with hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, the authors suggested that this might be an intervention that potentially could have long-term benefits and recommended further studies to evaluate this therapy.
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Spinal Manipulative Therapy for Acute Low Back Pain
Spinal manipulative therapy for acute low back pain may provide some benefit, but carries a significant risk of treatment-associated pain.
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Vascular Risk Factors and Their Role in the Development of Alzheimer’s Disease
This study has found an association between mid-life, but not late-life, vascular risk factors and brain amyloid deposition as imaged on amyloid-labeled PET.
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Serotonin Transporter Increases in Premotor Parkinson’s Disease
In a small cross-sectional study, increased serotonin transporter was detected using 11C-DASB PET in striatum, hypothalamus, and brainstem in LRRK2 carriers who did not have clinical Parkinson’s disease. This contrasts with later decreases previously described and implies a likely early compensatory mechanism.