Neurology Alert
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TBI in Prodromal Parkinson’s Disease
This population-based study using Medicare data demonstrated that in the five years prior to diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease (PD), when compared with age-matched controls, those who were diagnosed with PD had a higher incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI). The TBI was rated as mild and concussive and was most often related to falls.
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Blockade of CGRP for Migraine Prevention: Promising, but Not a Cure
Blockade of calcitonin gene-related peptide in patients with chronic or episodic migraine results in the prevention of about two headache days a month compared to placebo.
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The Incidence of Dementia May Be Declining
In community-dwelling people from Bronx County, New York, there was a sharp decrease in dementia incidence in those born after mid-1929, which could not be readily explained by changes in the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases, higher education, or increased racial/ethnic diversity.
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How Helpful Is Bevacizumab in Recurrent Glioblastoma?
In a randomized Phase III trial, the addition of bevacizumab to lomustine did not improve overall survival in patients with recurrent glioblastoma compared to lomustine alone.
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Neurologic Complications of Checkpoint Inhibitors
Anti-programmed death 1 antibodies (checkpoint inhibitors) have become a mainstay in the treatment of many types of cancers, and now are known to cause frequent neuromuscular adverse effects that can cause severe disability or death if not recognized or treated promptly.
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Systemic Immune Activation and the Course of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
Activation of the immune system has been recognized in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and immune activation may influence the course of the disease and the speed of progression.
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Optimizing Brain Oxygen in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
In a Phase II, single-blind, randomized, multicenter trial, the use of intraparenchymal brain tissue oxygenation monitoring reduced brain tissue hypoxia in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.
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MRI-guided FUS Thalamotomy for Medically Refractory Parkinson’s Tremor
This study comparing 20 individuals who received MRI-guided focused ultrasound thalamotomy with seven individuals who received sham treatment showed improvements in Parkinson’s disease tremor. Side effects were similar to prior studies of this technology for essential tremor, with ataxia and limb/orofacial paresthesias being most common.
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Neurologic Consequences of Zika Virus Infection
Neurologic sequelae of Zika virus infections include Guillain-Barré syndrome, encephalitis, transverse myelitis, and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy.
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Treatment for Spinal Muscular Atrophy
In a randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled study of infants with spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) type 1, nusinersen treatment led to significant improvement in motor milestones and survival without significant adverse reactions. A safety trial of gene therapy for SMA type 1 demonstrated prolonged ventilator-free survival and improved motor milestones with minimal side effects.