Neurology Alert
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Ufmylation and Brain Development: Effects of Gene Mutations
Genetic mutations that can modify post-translational proteins and their interactions may result in serious developmental disorders of the brain. Ufmylation is such a process, and mutations in the genes that regulate this process may have profound effects on the developing brain.
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Predicting the Risk of Late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia Based on Common Genetic Variants
Using a genetic risk score of 23 common genetic variants and apolipoprotein E genotype could help stratify individuals into those very likely to those very unlikely to develop late-onset Alzheimer’s disease and dementia.
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Anti-MAG Antibodies: Clinical and Therapeutic Aspects
Anti-MAG antibody-associated neuropathy may present as many disorders, including small fiber neuropathy, sensorimotor neuropathy, Guillain-Barré-like syndrome, and multifocal motor neuropathy. Rituximab appears to be the best therapeutic option.
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Longitudinal tau PET as an Outcome Measure for Clinical Trials
tau PET imaging shows progression of brain Alzheimer’s pathology over time and correlates with cognitive impairment better than amyloid PET. In future clinical trials, tau PET can serve as a biomarker for Alzheimer’s disease progression.
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What Are the Early Predictors for Post-traumatic Epilepsy After Injury?
Following traumatic brain injury, early (first five days after injury) epileptiform abnormalities on EEG were seen more commonly in patients with subsequent post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE), compared to controls, and were found to be a significant and independent predictor of PTE. The presence of subdural hemorrhage was the only other independent predictor of PTE.
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Intracranial Pressure Changes in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
After an exhaustive review of the animal and human studies literature regarding mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), Haider et al. did not reach consistent conclusions regarding evidence for intracranial pressure elevation in human patients who sustain an mTBI.
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Prediction of Persistent Post-concussion Symptoms After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
Persistent post-concussion syndrome may last for more than six months, and risk factors include female sex, neck pain, headache, and post-concussive symptoms at two weeks after the injury.
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Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft
The data from this study do not indicate that new-onset postoperative atrial fibrillation should be regarded as having the same risks as primary nonvalvular atrial fibrillation in terms of long-term thromboembolic risk, and that anticoagulation in this group may not be necessary unless the atrial fibrillation is persistent.
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Opioids Not Better for Chronic Back Pain
Chronic use of opioids for management of back pain is controversial and hotly debated. This randomized trial showed no benefit of opioids over multimodality non-opioid treatments, consistent with many other observational studies.
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Rapid Screening for Future Risk of Parkinson’s Disease Dementia
The Montreal Parkinson Risk of Dementia Scale provides a simple eight-item screening tool with high predictive value for developing Parkinson’s disease dementia.