Medical Ethics
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IRBs Now Expect More Diversity in Research Trials
Promoting equitable participation must not be at the cost of impeding research. But within an ethical framework beyond regulations, IRBs are evolving to address and accelerate equitable inclusion in research.
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Nurses Appreciate Training on End-of-Life Care
It is difficult for nurses to remain hopeful and honest when caring for someone at the end of life. Still, families need physical, psychological, and spiritual care that nurses must be adept in providing.
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Medical Organizations’ Ethics Statements Are Inconsistent
Investigators analyzed the ethics statements of 22 organizations and characterized each as traditional (18%), relational (9%), or social constructionist (73%). Overall, there was significant inconsistency and lack of clarity on the direct goals of medicine. The study showed 33% to 53% of direct statements regarding the goals of medicine contained a fundamental philosophical disagreement.
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For Most Patients on Dialysis, Religious/Spiritual Beliefs Are Important
Researchers surveyed 937 patients receiving dialysis at 31 facilities in Nashville and Seattle from 2015 to 2018. Those for whom religious or spiritual beliefs were more important were more likely to favor a shared decision-making role, more likely to favor resuscitation and mechanical ventilation, and less likely to have considered stopping dialysis.
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Many Nurses Hesitate to Ask for Ethics Consult
Some nurses mistakenly believe only the attending physician can request ethics consults. Others do not even know their institution offers an active ethics consultation service. Still others worry about retaliation.
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Inconsistent Ethics Training in Undergraduate Radiologic Technology Programs
Few programs are using case-based studies and group discussions. Such instruction gives students the opportunity to recognize, analyze, and understand ethical dilemmas. This would allow educators to evaluate how students apply their learning in the professional setting.
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Qualitative Methods Give Unique Insights on Ethics Consult Standards
Just asking if people are satisfied with an ethics consult only raises more questions. A participant might be very satisfied, but only because of a hoped-for outcome — for instance, a specific family member was identified as the appropriate surrogate decision-maker. Conversely, someone might rate satisfaction as very low just because they did not like the case outcome. This misconstrues the purpose of an ethics consult.
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Data on Ethics Programs Fill Knowledge Gap
A survey of several hundred facilities revealed 97% of hospitals had established a healthcare ethics program. Some ethics programs included additional functions, such as ethical leadership, regulatory compliance, business ethics, and research ethics. These data are likely to be important when institutions are under financial stress, budgets are tight, institutional demands are high, and various programs are under threat.
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Needlessly Delayed IRB Approval Raises Ethical Concerns
Delayed study startup times obstruct the enrollment process for prospective participants in clinical trials with a therapeutic intent. That is an ethical concern. Delays in IRB approval hinder enrollment, data collection and analysis, and submissions to regulatory oversight agencies. It takes longer to learn if new therapies are effective and safe. Updated product labeling and product approvals are held up. This delays the opportunity for individuals and society at large to benefit from research.
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Minority Residents’ Palliative Care Training Quality Trails Other Medical Education
The 91 residents surveyed reported receiving less training on palliative care than they did on sepsis management. Half the residents reported receiving negative messages about palliative care. Two-thirds said they considered care for dying patients to be depressing.