Internal Medicine
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Beyond Benzodiazepines: Adjuncts for the Management of Alcohol Withdrawal in the ICU
Although benzodiazepines are the mainstay of prevention and treatment of alcohol withdrawal syndrome, adjunct medications are used increasingly, with the goal of reducing cumulative benzodiazepine exposure and decreasing both hospital and intensive care unit admission and length of stay.
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COVID-19 Vaccine mRNA Injection (Comirnaty)
Comirnaty is the first COVID-19 vaccine to receive full FDA approval.
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Functional Cognitive Disorder: An Important Condition to Recognize
Functional cognitive disorder (FCD) can describe cognitive difficulties that are present where there is no biologic cause, but a lack of consensus in diagnostic criteria limits its use in clinical practice and research. The authors proposed an operational definition for FCD as the cognitive phenotype of functional neurological disorder.
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Vitamin and Mineral Supplements for Cardiovascular Disease
A meta-analysis of systematic reviews and randomized, controlled trials to analyze the role of commonly used dietary supplements for prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease suggests no significant effect on cardiovascular outcomes or all-cause mortality, although some B vitamins appear to reduce stroke incidence, and B3 appears to increase all-cause mortality.
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Fermented Foods Help the Immune System, Alleviate Inflammation
A diet rich in fermented foods from dairy and other sources reduced 19 inflammatory markers compared with a high-fiber diet.
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Asymptomatic Transmission of COVID-19 in Households
Efforts to control secondary transmission should be given to households and those contact groups where any case of secondary transmission has been identified.
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Combined GIP/GLP-1 Agonist: Safe for Type 2 Diabetes Patients?
In the SURPASS-2 trial, tirzepatide showed noninferiority and superiority vs. semaglutide in decreasing A1c levels in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Progression of Coronary Calcium on Statin Treatment
In those treated with statins vs. those who were not, statins decreased plaque volume in plaques with little or no calcium (plaque regression) and increased calcium density without changes in plaque volume in calcified plaques (plaque stabilization).
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First-Line Therapy for Hypertension
When comparing angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) to treat hypertension, researchers observed no difference in major cardiovascular events — but a better safety profile for ARBs.
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Early Coronary Angiography in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest
In a trial of immediate vs. delayed coronary angiography for resuscitated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, researchers found no significant benefit on 30-day mortality.