Internal Medicine
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Human Papillomavirus Infections: We Need to Improve Vaccination Rates
The prevalence of human papillomavirus infections and their sequelae remain high, although this is a problem that is preventable with available vaccines.
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HPV Vaccination in Adolescence Prevents Cancer More than 10 Years Later
The authors of this long-term follow-up study of three cluster-randomized trials of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination evaluated cancer protection over up to 11 years of follow-up. During this time, 17 HPV-positive cancers were identified in the unvaccinated group, and zero were identified in the vaccinated group, indicating 100% vaccine efficacy at preventing HPV-associated cancers.
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COVID-19 Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis
The combination of tixagevimab and cilgavimab (Evusheld) was demonstrated to be effective in the prevention of symptomatic COVID-19, but much remains to be learned as SARS-CoV-2 continues to evolve.
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Updated Management of Malaria
Malaria is preventable and treatable, yet there still are hundreds of millions of cases of malaria each year. New guidelines encourage personal and community prevention. Treatment usually is with artemisinin-based combination therapy.
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Who Can Get the Janssen/J&J (Non-mRNA) COVID-19 Vaccine Now?
The Food and Drug Administration recently limited the use of the Janssen COVID-19 vaccine.
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Oral Tebipenem: A New Antibiotic for Multidrug-Resistant, Gram-Negative Complicated Urinary Tract Infections
A randomized clinical trial that compared oral tebipenem with intravenous ertapenem in patients with complicated urinary tract infection or acute pyelonephritis found tebipenem to be noninferior in efficacy. The safety profile was similar between the two drugs.
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International Outbreak of Acute Hepatitis in Children — Putative Role of Adenovirus 41
Cases of acute hepatitis in children, tentatively ascribed to adenovirus 41 infection, while first reported from a single hospital in Alabama, are being seen internationally.
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Report: Pregnancy-Related Hypertensive Disorders Doubled in 12 Years
An estimated one in five births in the United States are affected by various adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Major Traumatic Brain Injury Can Raise Dementia Risk
Patients with brain bleeding and a long hospital stay were 1.5 times more likely to develop dementia compared to those with no injury.
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Stress-Related Disorders in Primary Care
More than 80% of U.S. adults can expect to experience a traumatic event during their lifetime. Traumatic events are major risk factors for the development of various chronic diseases, including mental disorders, such as depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, complex post-traumatic stress disorder (a newly recognized condition), substance use disorders, and chronic medical conditions, such as cardiovascular disorders, obesity, and autoimmune disorders. Implementing universal trauma-informed practice strategies and techniques can assist in addressing these situations in a timely and clinically appropriate manner.