Internal Medicine
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COVID-19 Associated with Significant Increase in Hospital-Acquired Bloodstream Infections
The COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increases in hospital-onset bloodstream infections, mainly in patients with COVID-19.
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Dose-Response Relationships Between Exercise, Exercise Intensity, and Mortality
The authors of this review of eight studies with 36,383 participants looked at objective measurements of physical activity, finding a dose-response association between any level of activity and reduced risk of death and between more sedentary time and higher risk of death.
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Galactagogues in Breastfeeding: A Review of the Available Evidence
This is a review of the research that has gone into nearly a dozen common galactagogues. An examination of the available randomized, controlled trials and review papers reveals a lack of high-quality research but also offers recommendations to help breastfeeding parents.
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Cancer Death Rate for Black Americans Declines, Remains Higher Than That of Other Groups
Rapid declines in deaths from lung and stomach cancers parallels rise in mortality from uterine and liver cancers.
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Myositis as a Cause of Unexplained Dysphagia
A stepwise diagnostic algorithm was developed to identify potentially treatable idiopathic inflammatory myopathies in patients presenting with isolated unexplained dysphagia.
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What Is the Right Dose of Immunoglobulin to Treat CIDP?
In this comparative trial of different doses of intravenous immunoglobulin treatment for chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, higher doses appeared to result in a higher percentage of patients who improved. However, there was no control group and there were many confounding issues that make it difficult to reach a definitive conclusion around optimal dosing.
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Intensive Blood Pressure Control May Augment Cerebral Blood Flow
Patients with hypertension were randomized to intensive vs. standard blood pressure control and underwent baseline and follow-up cerebral perfusion imaging. Intensive blood pressure treatment was associated with improved cerebral perfusion over time.
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Polygenic Associations of Chronic Axonal Polyneuropathy
In most cases of chronic axonal polyneuropathy, no specific cause is found. Using a polygenic risk score for potential risk factors, based on whole genome sequencing, these investigators identified multiple significant risk factors, including diabetes, body mass index, alcohol intake, and vitamin B12 level.
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Use of Serum Biomarkers in Determining Prognosis After Cardiac Arrest
Used in conjunction with the clinical exam and brain imaging, serum biomarkers, such as neurofilament light, can help refine the prognostication for patients who have experienced severe anoxic/ischemic brain injury after cardiac arrest.
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Need a Pig Heart? Beware Porcine Cytomegalovirus
The first recipient of a transplanted pig heart died with evidence of infection with a porcine cytomegalovirus.