Internal Medicine
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Peramivir: A Newly Approved Antiviral for Treatment of Influenza
Peramivir (Rapivab™) was recently approved by the FDA in December 2014 for treatment of acute uncomplicated influenza within two days of symptom onset. This newly approved antiviral is a neuraminidase inhibitor (NI) similar to oseltamivir and zanamivir but the first to be approved in an injectable formulation.1 Peramivir has been licensed in Japan (as Rapiacta) and South Korea (as PeramiFlu) since 2010. In addition, it has been used in the United States on an emergency basis during the 2009 H1N1 flu pandemic.
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Report from the International Stroke Conference 2015
Major announcements at the International Stroke Conference 2015 in Nashville, Tennessee, included reports on three trials that compared endovascular clot retrieval for acute ischemic stroke, compared to medical treatment with intravenous thrombolytics alone. -
Intracranial Hemorrhage Risk: Are Novel Oral Anticoagulants Better Than Warfarin?
Clinicians have commonly overestimated the risk of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) during anticoagulant therapy. Indeed, such misapprehensions have sometimes led to failure to employ warfarin (and probably other agents) when indicated for atrial fibrillation.
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Multicenter Quality Improvement Project Resulted in a 23% Reduction in Medical Errors
SYNOPSIS: Implementation of a quality improvement project focused on handoffs reduced medical errors by 23% and preventable adverse events by 30%.
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Colon Cancer Screening by Stool DNA Testing
Recent guidelines issued by the American Cancer Society and American Society of Gastroenterology recommend colonoscopy as the preferred screening method for colon cancer, but wisely include the philosophy,
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Long-term Payoff of Bariatric Surgery
The benefits of bariatric surgery are gaining new levels of respect as long-term evidence of favorable outcomes — other than cosmetic — continue to accrue. Indeed, in the population of obese diabetics, bariatric surgery is one of the only interventions documented to improve all-cause mortality.
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Benefits of NIV in COPD Supported in Routine Clinical Practice
SYNOPSIS: In a large cohort study, patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease managed with noninvasive ventilation had lower inpatient mortality, shorter length of stay, and lower costs compared to those managed with invasive ventilation.
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Hypoglycemia Increases Cardiovascular Risk in Patients With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes
A retrospective analysis of data from the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink found that hypoglycemia increases the risk of both cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality in patients with diabetes.
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Weighing the Harms and Benefits of E-cigarettes
In a Cochrane review, there is evidence from two trials that nicotine containing e-cigarettes may help smokers to quit long-term compared with non-nicotine type.
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Transient Ischemic Attacks: A Missed Opportunity
SYNOPSIS: Patients with transient ischemic attacks were not given evidence-based secondary prevention for stroke at discharge from the hospital as often compared to patients with stroke, thus creating a missed opportunity to decrease the incidence of future stroke and cardiovascular disease.