Internal Medicine
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Decreasing Cross-Transmission of Carbapenemase-Producing Enterobacteriaceae
A bundled infection control intervention was shown to decrease cross-colonization, prevalence, and bloodstream infection of Klebsiella pneumonia carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in long-term acute care hospitals, which may have far-reaching effects into the ICU.
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GAD Antibody Syndromes: When to Dig Deeper
This retrospective case series identifies the clinical and immunologic features of GAD antibody-positive patients who should be screened for an underlying cancer.
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When Profiling Is a Good Thing: Distinguishing Bacterial from Viral Infection
Transcriptional analysis outperformed serum procalcitonin in distinguishing viral from bacterial infections.
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Does Bacteremia Associated with Bone and Joint Infections Require Prolonged IV Antibiotic Therapy?
Two hundred sixty-five children with culture-proven acute bone or joint infections were studied. All patients received 2-4 days of IV antibiotics followed by PO antibiotics. Clinical outcomes and resolution of inflammatory biomarkers were the same whether the patient had positive blood cultures or not on admission.
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BCG — Back to the Future?
In a population-based study, neonatal vaccination with bacille Calmette-Guérin significantly reduced rates of hospitalization for non-tuberculous respiratory infection and sepsis. BCG vaccine might provide significant protection through nonspecific immune enhancement.
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Polio — New Strategies as We Get Close to Eradication
The switch to a bivalent live attenuated oral polio vaccine by elimination of serotype 2 will be coordinated with the use of trivalent inactivated vaccine. The goal is to eliminate outbreaks of polio due to vaccine serotype 2, the major cause of such events.
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Antibiotics for Acute Appendicitis
ABSTRACT & COMMENTARY: Of those who needed surgery after treatment with antibiotics, the risk for complications was low.
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Statin Use and Cognitive Effects: Not a Brain Drain
Despite earlier concerns by the FDA about adverse effects of statins on cognitive functioning, a meta-analysis of data from more than 28,000 patients enrolled in 18 randomized, placebo-controlled trials of statin therapy failed to show a causal relationship between treatment and adverse neurocognitive effects for patients with and without cognitive impairment.
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Manipulating Degenerative Joint Disease: RCT Shows Short-term Effects
Men with low back pain who received one high-velocity, low-amplitude spinal manipulation had less pain and improvements in disc space and hip and spinal flexion.
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Treatment of Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth with Botanical Therapies Equivalent to Rifaximin
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth is a condition associated with symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and extraintestinal manifestations. This study investigates the effectiveness of the antibiotic rifaximin compared to botanical combination therapies for the treatment of the condition as diagnosed by lactulose breath testing.