Internal Medicine
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Mechanisms of Tissue Hypoxia and Cerebral Ischemia in Traumatic Brain Injury
Tissue hypoxia after traumatic brain injury occurs in a widespread manner in the brain, including areas that appear structurally normal. Moreover, cerebral tissue hypoxia appears to occur independent of ischemia with areas of no overlap, implying a microvascular etiology.
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Sleep Disorders Associated with Traumatic Brain Injury
Patients with traumatic brain injuries need longer sleep times to heal the injured brain, and persistent pleiosomnia at 18 months implies that ongoing abnormalities are producing an increased need for sleep.
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Eating Behavior in Frontotemporal Dementias
In a prospective, controlled study of 49 patients with dementia and 25 healthy controls, marked hyperphagia is restricted to behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia patients that is likely due to differing neural networks, while increased sucrose preference is likely controlled by a similar network in both behavioral-variant frontotemporal dementia and semantic dementia patients.
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Migraine with Aura and Systemic Right-to-Left Shunt: Risk for Stroke?
Right-to-left shunts, as detected by transcranial Doppler, are more common in patients with migraine with aura, but are not correlated with increased risk of silent posterior circulation infarcts or white matter lesions on MRI.
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Noninvasive Diagnosis of Transthyretin Amyloid Cardiomyopathy
A testing strategy combining bone scintigraphy and laboratory testing allows accurate diagnosis of transthyretin amyloid cardiomyopathy without the need for a biopsy.
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Can MRI Diagnose Myocarditis?
New quantitative MRI technique performs better than the older Lake Louise criteria for diagnosing myocarditis as compared to the standard of endomyocardial biopsy.
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Atrial Fibrillation Ablation in Heart Failure Patients May Be Particularly Beneficial
Atrial fibrillation ablation leads to better outcomes in heart failure patients compared to amiodarone.
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Rivaroxaban in the Real World
A large Phase IV registry study shows that rivaroxaban is associated with a very low incidence of major bleeding, death, or stroke. Also, adherence to therapy was much higher than observed in other studies with vitamin K antagonists.
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New Analysis of COGENT Data Supports Proton Pump Inhibitor Benefit
It shows comparable risks of gastrointestinal and cardiovascular events between low- and high-dose aspirin.
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Acetazolamide in Mechanically Ventilated Patients with COPD: Is There a Benefit?
Compared to placebo, the use of acetazolamide in mechanically ventilated patients with COPD does not significantly reduce the duration of mechanical ventilation.