Internal Medicine
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What Should You Tell Your Patients About Sleep Apnea, CPAP, and Heart Disease?
In this large, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial, continuous positive airway pressure did not reduce incident cardiovascular events compared with usual care, but did reduce snoring and daytime sleepiness and improved health-related quality of life and mood.
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Pharmacologic Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Part 2
This two-part series of articles will address pharmacological agents, except insulin, used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus. Part 1 covered sodium glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors, incretin-based therapies, amylin analog, and dopamine receptor agonists. Part 2 will focus on biguanides, thiazolidinediones, sulfonylureas, meglitinides, alpha-glucosidase inhibitors, and bile acid resins, as well as the authors’ treatment recommendations. Appendix A (http://bit.ly/2eyB4Px) is a comprehensive table of the effectiveness and costs of various combination therapies.
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Is Yoga Effective for Treating Asthma?
Although the data on yoga in asthma are only of moderate quality, they do suggest that yoga may improve quality of life and asthma symptoms.
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How Much More Physical Activity Helps Patients Avoid Chronic Diseases?
Higher levels of total physical activity are strongly associated with lower risk of five common chronic diseases: breast and bowel cancer, diabetes, heart disease, and stroke.
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Self-Administered Acupressure Beneficial in Treating Persistent Cancer-Related Fatigue in Breast Cancer Survivors
Two different types of self-administered acupressure techniques were significant in reducing persistent cancer-related fatigue compared with standard of care, but only relaxing acupressure affected quality of sleep and life.
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Changing Gut Microbiota to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes
The long-term consumption of a healthy diet, such as the Mediterranean diet or low-fat/high complex carbohydrate diets, may exert a protective effect on the development of type 2 diabetes by changing the gut microbiota, increasing the abundance of Roseburia genera and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, respectively.
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An RCT Looking at the Effects of Panax ginseng and Ginkgo biloba
Cognitive improvement in women after treatment with Ginkgo biloba may be mediated by changes in cardiovascular reactivity.
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Outcomes in Patients Treated with Therapeutic Hypothermia After In-hospital Cardiac Arrest
Current guidelines recommend the use of therapeutic hypothermia in patients with in-hospital cardiac arrest, even though its efficacy has been demonstrated only in randomized trials after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. This non-randomized, observational cohort study based on a large national registry found that the use of therapeutic hypothermia was associated with lower likelihood of survival and less favorable neurological outcome in patients successfully resuscitated after an in-hospital cardiac arrest.
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Statins Associated with Lower Parkinson’s Risk in Diabetics
In approximately 50,000 individuals with Parkinson’s disease and diabetes, identified from a National Health Insurance database in Taiwan, statin use was dose-dependently associated with lower risk of Parkinson’s disease. This strengthens the argument for a possible protective role of statins.
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Intravenous Glyburide to Reduce Brain Swelling in Large Hemispheric Infarction
In a Phase II, randomized, multicenter prospective trial, intravenous glyburide failed to improve outcomes in patients with large hemispheric infarction, although there was a reduction in neuroimaging and biomarkers of cerebral edema.