Internal Medicine
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Cefazolin Leads to Better Outcomes for Methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia Than Nafcillin or Oxacillin
A retrospective study that included patients from 119 Veterans Affairs hospitals found lower mortality and a similar recurrence rate for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia treated with cefazolin compared to nafcillin and oxacillin.
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Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Bacteremia Associated With Placentophagy
Associated with a mother’s ingestion of encapsulated placenta, an otherwise healthy newborn developed and, with antimicrobial treatment, recovered from both early and late onset group B streptococcal bacteremia. This is apparently the first report of a serious negative consequence of maternal consumption of dried placenta.
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Prevalence of Coronary Atherosclerosis in Indigenous South American Tsimané
Tsimané, a population living in the Bolivian Amazon, have the lowest prevalence of coronary artery disease among any population studied; individuals ≥ 40 years of age have mean low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein of 91 mg/dL and 39.5 mg/dL, respectively, despite a high inflammatory burden from parasites and pathogens.
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Yoga for Lumbago?
A review of randomized, controlled trials of treatments for chronic non-specific, low back pain revealed that yoga provides improvements in back-related function compared to non-exercise controls at intermediate time points, and in pain scores in the short term. Also, yoga seems to be comparable to exercise interventions, although the quality of evidence was low enough to preclude us from knowing for sure.
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Saffron and Depression: What Do We Know and Where Do We Go?
Saffron studies, while still preliminary, show potential for use of this ancient spice in combatting mild-moderate depression.
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Treatment of Intracerebral Hemorrhage Guided by the ‘Spot Sign’
Although the “spot sign” is a predictor of early hematoma expansion, selective treatment of this group with aggressive antihypertensive therapy did not alter hematoma size or neurological outcome.
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Direct DNA Sequencing of Dominant Cerebellar Ataxias
Current genetic testing techniques with DNA sequencing can diagnose the molecular-genetic causes for the majority of dominantly inherited cerebellar ataxias.
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Severe Olfactory Impairment Is Associated With Preclinical Alzheimer’s Disease
In this cross-sectional, population-based, cohort study of 829 cognitively normal participants, abnormal neuroimaging biomarkers known to be associated with Alzheimer’s disease were associated with severe olfactory impairment.
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Plasma α-Synuclein Is a Leading Candidate Biomarker in Parkinson’s Disease
In this cross-sectional study, plasma alpha-synuclein levels were higher in individuals with Parkinson’s disease than controls, and correlated with cognitive decline.
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Tacrolimus for Treatment of Myasthenia Gravis
A large observational study performed in Korea suggests that tacrolimus is an effective immunomodulating, steroid-sparing medication for the treatment of myasthenia gravis.