Internal Medicine
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EEG-based Metrics After Severe Brain Injury
In this cohort study of 104 patients with disorders of consciousness, the authors demonstrated a strong correlation between EEG-based metrics and clinical diagnosis using quantitative behavioral scales, brain metabolism as measured by PET, and clinical outcomes at one year.
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Risk Factors for Seizures in Critically Ill Patients Monitored by Continuous EEG
Investigators prospectively analyzed 72-hour continuous electroencephalograms to identify clinical and electroencephalogram risk factors for having seizures and developed a model for “time-dependent” seizure risk. Electrographic seizures occurred in 23% of all patients. The only significant clinical predictors of seizures were presence of coma and prior clinical seizure history.
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P-syn in Nerve Fibers on Skin Biopsy May Help Diagnose Dementia with Lewy Bodies
This study compared 18 subjects diagnosed with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), 23 with nonsynucleinopathy dementia, and 25 healthy controls and demonstrated that phosphorylated alpha-synuclein was found only in the skin nerve fibers of DLB subjects, helping distinguish this type of dementia from other types.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
Immediate Improvement in Childhood Vaccination; A Better Mosquito Trap; Can FMT Restore Gut Flora and Eliminate Resistant Pathogens?
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Is Sleep a Clue to a Modifiable Risk Factor for Alzheimer’s Disease?
Evidence is accumulating that disruptions in sleep patterns, particularly slow-wave and REM sleep, alter amyloid-β production and clearance through the cerebrospinal fluid pathways and may play a role in the development of Alzheimer’s disease.
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Infections Associated With Adventure Travel
Some adventure travel is associated with exposure to infectious pathogens. Some adventure-related illnesses can be prevented. Understanding the details of an adventure trip can help focus a differential diagnosis for ill returned travelers.
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Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Induces Altered Sleep and Impaired Memory
Traumatic brain injury may induce a chronic state of altered sleep with impaired memory consolidation and mood disorders.
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Autochthonous Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever in Europe
Two patients with Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever acquired in Spain are reported. The index patient acquired infection from a tick bite, and the second patient was a nurse who cared for the index patient. The first patient died in the hospital with multi-system organ failure and was diagnosed at autopsy. The second patient recovered with supportive care and was treated with ribavirin, but it was unclear whether the use of ribavirin was helpful.
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Microbiology of Hidradenitis Suppurativa: New Evidence That Anaerobes Predominate
Using metagenomic techniques, investigators determined that two Gram-negative anaerobes, Prevotella and Porphyromonas, predominate in hidradenitis suppurativa lesions. Two others, Fusobacterium and Parvimonas, correlate with disease severity.
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CDC Update of Notifiable Infectious Diseases
CDC has updated the available information regarding reportable infectious diseases in the United States.