Internal Medicine
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A Cup of Coffee May Help Patients Live Longer
In a prospective cohort of patients coinfected with HIV and hepatitis C virus, drinking three or more cups of coffee per day halved the all-cause mortality risk.
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Migraine With Aura, Stroke Risk, and Biomarkers
A longitudinal cohort study of twins found no increased stroke risk related to migraine overall, but there was a modestly increased risk for stroke related to migraine with aura. Familial factors and vascular biomarkers associated with migraine with aura may explain its correlation with vascular disease.
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Diabetes, HbA1c, and Neuropathy
The hallmark of neuropathy associated with type 2 diabetes is reduction of sensory nerve action potential amplitude and not a reduction in conduction velocity, supporting the hypothesis that hyperglycemia causes axonal dysfunction and injury.
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Noninvasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Indomethacin-Sensitive Headaches
Trigeminal autonomic cephalgias are notoriously difficult to treat and may be responsive to noninvasive vagus nerve stimulation.
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Childhood Head Trauma and Risk of Subsequent Diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis
A large study that reviewed longitudinally collected data from the national Swedish Patient Register found that head trauma in adolescents was associated with an increased risk of subsequent diagnosis of multiple sclerosis.
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Exploring Cortical Pathology in Multiple Sclerosis With Routine MRI
In this MRI and histopathological study, the investigators showed that cortical T1w/T2w ratio was unrelated to myelin density, but had a strong correlation with dendritic density. Furthermore, abnormal values within the posterior cingulate cortex correlated with impairment in cognitive domains.
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Pitfalls in the Treatment of Seizures Associated With Brain Tumors
In this multicenter, observational study, the authors assessed the prevalence of neuropsychiatric side effects from medications in subjects with tumor-related epilepsy. Levetiracetam was found to have the highest prevalence of such side effects.
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Management of Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
Skin and soft tissue infections are encountered commonly in primary care practices, presenting as a range of disorders, from uncomplicated cellulitis, impetigo, folliculitis, erysipelas, and focal abscesses to necrotizing fasciitis. Each year between 1998-2006 in the United States, there were 650,000 hospital admissions for cellulitis, with estimates of 14.5 million cases annually treated as outpatients, accounting for $3.7 billion in ambulatory care costs.
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Spiritual Healing: A Randomized Clinical Trial
A randomized, controlled trial evaluated the effectiveness of Brazilian energy therapy — Spiritist “passé” — in multiple conditions associated with recovery in cardiovascular inpatients.
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Vitamin D and Colorectal Cancer: The Plot Thickens
In a follow-up study, researchers investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotypes in the vitamin D and calcium pathways are associated with the authors’ previous findings that daily intake of 1,000 IU vitamin D3 and/or 1,200 mg calcium did not reduce colorectal adenoma risk. The authors concluded that vitamin D3 supplementation benefits in the prevention of advanced colorectal adenomas may vary depending on vitamin D receptor genotype status.