Internal Medicine
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Tuberculosis in the United States in 2017
While the incidence of tuberculosis in the United States in 2017 was the lowest ever recorded, the current rate of decline would be required to almost double to reach the goal of elimination of the disease in this country by the year 2100.
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Extended-pulsed Dosing of Fidaxomicin vs. Standard-dose Vancomycin for Clostridium difficile Infection
A randomized, controlled, open-label clinical trial conducted at 86 European hospitals that included adults aged 60 years or older found that extended-pulsed dosing of fidaxomicin was superior to standard-dose vancomycin for sustained cure of Clostridium difficile infection and resulted in fewer disease recurrences.
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Dealing With Multidrug-resistant Organisms on a National Level: CDC Successes and Problems on the Horizon
CDC efforts, implemented at the local level, have been associated with a modest reduction in the incidences of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae with an ESBL phenotype and a more dramatic reduction in carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae.
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Planes, Pathogens, and Passengers: Infection Risk During Commercial Air Travel
Although air travel has been linked to transmission of respiratory infections, the actual risk of becoming infected during air travel is low. The risk is greatest, though, when seated within about two seats/rows of a contagious individual. Walking around the cabin increases risk.
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Routine Chest Radiographs After Ultrasound-guided Central Line Placement May Be Unnecessary
Catheter misplacement and pneumothorax after routine ultrasound-guided catheter placement are rare, and routine post-procedural chest radiographs may not be cost-effective.
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Real-time Tracking of Influenza-related ICU Use
Surrogate markers of influenza severity, specifically trends in ICU use, were collected and revealed differences from current influenza reporting.
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Management of Catheter-related Bloodstream Infections
Catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSIs) remain one of the more common nosocomial infections today, with an estimated 250,000 CRBSIs occurring in the United States annually, of which approximately 80,000 are associated with an ICU stay. The science behind current practices has reduced the CRBSI rate by 50% between 2008 and 2014. However, the rate of infection is far from zero, and rates remain significantly different between states, suggesting that there is room for improvement.
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What Form of AV Block?
The long lead II rhythm strip shown in the figure was obtained from a hemodynamically stable patient. The rhythm was diagnosed as showing second-degree AV block, Mobitz Type II. Do you agree with that assessment?
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Clinical Briefs
In this section: comparing GLP-1 agonists; weighing two treatments for extended venous thromboembolism; and considering fracture risks possibly associated with inhaled corticosteroids.
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Ibalizumab-uiyk Injection (Trogarzo)
Ibalizumab-uiyk, in combination with other antiretrovirals, is indicated for the treatment of HIV-1 in heavily treatment-experienced adults with multidrug-resistant HIV infections failing their current regimens.