Internal Medicine
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Tenecteplase vs. Alteplase for Ischemic Stroke
In a recent trial, treatment with tenecteplase before thrombectomy was associated with a higher incidence of reperfusion and better functional outcome than alteplase if administered to patients with ischemic stroke within 4.5 hours of symptom onset.
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Prodromal Symptoms Predict the Onset of α-Synucleinopathies
In this review of the common prodromal symptoms of α-synucleinopathies, such as Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy, the authors provided a potential framework for a timeline of the development of these conditions, starting with these prodromal symptoms.
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Chemotherapy-induced Neuropathy in Childhood Cancer Survivors
Long-term symptoms and disability from chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy occur in more than half of childhood survivors of cancer, with vinca alkaloids and platinum agents implicated most often.
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Cannabidiol: Does It Help in Drug-resistant Epileptic Encephalopathies?
In this double-blind, placebo-controlled trial, the authors investigated the efficacy of adjunctive cannabidiol in a population of severe developmental epileptic encephalopathies and found some efficacy.
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Ufmylation and Brain Development: Effects of Gene Mutations
Genetic mutations that can modify post-translational proteins and their interactions may result in serious developmental disorders of the brain. Ufmylation is such a process, and mutations in the genes that regulate this process may have profound effects on the developing brain.
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Predicting the Risk of Late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease and Dementia Based on Common Genetic Variants
Using a genetic risk score of 23 common genetic variants and apolipoprotein E genotype could help stratify individuals into those very likely to those very unlikely to develop late-onset Alzheimer’s disease and dementia.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
Utility of GI Multiplex Assay; ‘The World Is Covered by a Thin Layer of Feces’
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Why IDSA Did Not Support the Surviving Sepsis Campaign
The Infectious Diseases Society of America withheld its support for the Surviving Sepsis guidelines. The general concerns included vagueness and inconsistency in definition of sepsis, “one size fits all” prescription of time to administer antibiotics, lack of clarity around drawing blood cultures through IV catheters, recommendation of combination antibiotics, lack of definition around when to use procalcitonin levels, when and how to use pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic data effectively, prolonged antibiotic “prophylaxis,” and duration of therapy.
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Oral Antibiotics May Increase the Risk for Nephrolithiasis
A case-control study found that receipt of an oral antibiotic in the preceding three to 12 months was associated with nephrolithiasis. The risk persisted up to five years, and younger patients were at increased risk.
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Reduced Noninfectious Adverse Events After Discontinuation of Contact Precautions in Patients Colonized or Infected With MRSA and/or VRE
Discontinuation of contact precautions for patients colonized or infected with either MRSA or VRE is associated with a decrease in rates of noninfectious adverse events.