Internal Medicine
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Oral Vancomycin Is the Most Cost-effective Treatment for the First Recurrence of Clostridium Difficile Infection
The authors of a pharmacoeconomic study comparing bezlotoxumab plus oral vancomycin, oral vancomycin alone, and fidaxomicin found that oral vancomycin alone was the most cost-effective regimen to treat the first recurrence of Clostridium difficile infection.
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Infections Associated With Travel to the United States
Infectious illness is common in travelers from other countries visiting the United States. Skin and soft tissue infections, respiratory infections, and gastrointestinal illness are most likely, but specific geographic illnesses such as Lyme disease also occur.
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IV to Oral Antibiotic Switch for Selected Cases of Endocarditis
Completion of therapy of selected patients with infective endocarditis with orally administered antibiotics is feasible, safe, and effective.
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Meropenem vs. Piperacillin-tazobactam for Bacteremia Due to ESBL-Producers: The MERINO Trial
In an open-label, randomized, noninferiority trial evaluating the efficacy of piperacillin-tazobactam vs. meropenem for definitive therapy in treating bacteremia caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, piperacillin-tazobactam therapy did not result in noninferior 30-day, all-cause mortality compared to meropenem. Investigators stopped the trial early due to futility.
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Elagolix (Orilissa)
Elagolix is indicated for the management of moderate to severe pain associated with endometriosis.
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Treatment of Chronic Subdural Hematoma With Atorvastatin
The results of a recent study suggest that atorvastatin may be a safe and effective nonsurgical alternative for patients with chronic subdural hematoma.
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Inappropriate Outpatient Antibiotic Prescribing: The Need to Target Urgent Care Centers
Urgent care centers, which are part of a growth industry, are responsible for a large proportion of antibiotic prescriptions, including inappropriate prescriptions for acute respiratory diagnoses.
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Latent Tuberculosis Treatment With 4 Months of Rifampin Compared to 9 Months of Isoniazid
In an open-label trial, adults with latent tuberculosis infection were randomized to either four months of treatment with rifampin or nine months of treatment with isoniazid. The four-month rifampin regimen was non-inferior to nine months of isoniazid for prevention of active tuberculosis.
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Vitamin C for Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation Risk
Vitamin C supplementation decreases the risk of developing postoperative atrial fibrillation.
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Use of Amyloid PET Imaging for Diagnosis of Dementia
The use of amyloid PET scanning to assist in accurate diagnosis of patients with symptoms of cognitive impairment as well as frank dementia results in a change of diagnosis in at least 25% of patients.