Internal Medicine
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Histoplasmosis — Expansion of Risk Areas and Need for More Standardized Practice
Histoplasmosis is increasingly seen beyond the previous risk areas of the Ohio and Mississippi River valleys. Diagnostic and treatment practices vary widely.
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Vancomycin for MRSA Pneumonia Following Influenza in Children
Coinfection with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in children with influenza is associated with high fatality. Data support the addition of a second anti-MRSA antibiotic to vancomycin in severely ill children.
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Is Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Superior to Fidaxomicin for Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection?
In a randomized clinical trial, researchers found the combination of oral vancomycin followed by fecal microbiota transplantation was superior to treatment with fidaxomicin or vancomycin alone for patients with recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection.
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Informed Consent for Cardiac Catheterization: Is Shared Decision-Making an Illusion?
Researchers studied how well patients retain the information imparted during the informed consent process for cardiac catheterization and concluded that shared decision-making as currently practiced is not particularly robust.
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What Echo Measures Predict Progression of Mitral Valve Prolapse?
A study of patients with mitral valve prolapse and mild to moderate mitral regurgitation showed that over a 4.5-year follow-up period, only mitral annular diameter among several echo parameters predicted the development of severe mitral regurgitation.
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When to Operate on Chronic Aortic Regurgitation Patients
A retrospective observational study of patients with moderate to severe aortic regurgitation followed for five years showed that symptoms or a left ventricular end-systolic dimension index > 20 mm/m2 were multivariate predictors of death.
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Sacubitril-Valsartan Reduces Functional Mitral Regurgitation
In patients with chronic heart failure and functional mitral regurgitation, sacubitril/valsartan was associated with greater reduction in mitral regurgitation compared to valsartan alone.
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The Promise and Perils of the Apple Heart Study
A large study with virtual enrollment of Apple Watch users helped illustrate the positive predictive value of wearable, pulse-based atrial fibrillation detection technology, as well as the ability to enroll and follow huge numbers of research subjects in a short period.
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Hydrogel Capsules (Plenity)
Hydrogel capsules provide a nonsystemic alternative as an aid to weight management.
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The Right Ventricle During Heart Failure With Preserved Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
A retrospective longitudinal study of heart failure with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction shows that right ventricular function deteriorates more rapidly than left ventricular function and is associated with increased mortality.