Infectious Disease
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New Species of Human Malaria?
Increasingly, Plasmodium species previously identified in monkeys are being identified in the blood of people living in or near areas of infected monkey populations. International travelers also have become infected by simian malaria.
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Fidaxomicin vs. Oral Vancomycin for Clostridioides difficile Infection in Patients Receiving Concomitant Antibiotics
This open-label, randomized trial of patients with Clostridioides difficile infection receiving concomitant antibiotics found no difference in clinical cure between fidaxomicin and oral vancomycin.
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Infections in Injection Drug Users: The Role of Contaminated Syringes
Multiple bacteria were identified in syringes discarded by injection drug users.
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Limitations to Life-Saving Effect of Azithromycin in Africa
Twice-yearly oral doses of azithromycin reduce the incidence of potentially blinding trachoma and the incidence of overall death in children in West Africa. However, new data analysis suggests that the favorable effect of azithromycin is limited to children without ready access to healthcare.
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Molnupiravir vs. Nirmatrelvir-Ritonavir for Early Symptomatic COVID-19
A randomized, controlled, multicenter Phase II clinical trial compared molnupiravir, ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir, or no drug for low-risk adult patients ages 18-50 years with symptomatic COVID-19. Viral clearance was 84% faster with ritonavir-boosted nirmatrelvir and 37% faster with molnupiravir compared to no treatment.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
Smallpox Vaccination Effective Against Mpox; CLABSI Prevention
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Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever: California and Mexico
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention alerts clinicians to cases of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in southern California that had been acquired in Mexico.
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Comparing Adjuvant Clindamycin to Linezolid for Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections
In a retrospective, single-center cohort study of patients with severe group A streptococcal infection, there was no significant difference in clinical response in those treated with adjunctive clindamycin as compared with adjunctive linezolid
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Imported Gestational Malaria
Pregnant women can develop malaria in non-endemic areas, even when they are far removed from malaria exposure both geographically and temporally.
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ID Consultation Leads to Reduced Mortality from Gram-Negative Bacteremia
A multicenter, retrospective cohort study on patients with gram-negative bacteremia found infectious diseases consultation was associated with a 40% decrease in 30-day mortality.