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U.S. HIV providers are bracing themselves for a flood of new HIV patients as hospitals and many doctors respond to the new recommendations by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of Atlanta, GA, to provide opt-out HIV testing to nearly every patient they see.
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The President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has resulted in $15 billion to be spent in 15 focus countries, with smaller amounts going to more than 100 other countries.
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The AIDS global epidemic continues to grow, and some countries are seeing a resurgence of infection rates, according to the annual epidemic update by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) and the World Health Organization (WHO) in Geneva, Switzerland.
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Major revisions to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) guidelines for HIV screening are either a boon to the task of identifying the 250,000 Americans who carry the virus but don't know it or a blow to patient autonomy and privacy.
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Patients with coronary artery disease who have received intra-coronary, drug-eluding stents (DES) may benefit from longer courses of clopidogrel than is currently standard.
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The program developed at Johns Hopkins University Hospital in Baltimore that pushed catheter-related bloodstream infection rates to zero in some intensive care units is based on the following four overriding principles. Sara Cosgrove, MD, hospital epidemiologist, comments on each one as follows:
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Infection control practices and other "hospital factors" specific to individual institutions appear to be a greater influence on infection risk than a patient's severity of illness, researchers found.
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Sandiumenge and colleagues evaluated the effects of three strategies of antibiotic prescribing in a 14-bed ICU. The strategies were applied serially, beginning with an initial 10-month period during which patients with suspected ventilator-associated pneumonia received "patient-specific therapy" in which multiple antibiotic regimens, chosen on the basis of length-of-stay and recent antibiotic exposure, were used.