Infectious Disease
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Viruses, Newborns, and Liver Failure
Neonatal liver failure due to herpesvirus infection is rare but can be severe. Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) is a more likely cause than HSV-2. Only about two-thirds of affected patients survive, despite recommended treatment with parenteral acyclovir.
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Metformin Reduces SARS-CoV-2 Viral Load in Outpatients with COVID-19
A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of outpatients with COVID-19 found that metformin reduced SARS-CoV-2 viral load 3.6-fold compared to placebo, while ivermectin and fluvoxamine showed no benefit.
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The Rise of Oropouche Virus
Oropouche virus is an arthropod-borne virus that has been primarily endemic to the Amazon region. The incidence of Oropouche virus disease has significantly increased over the past few years, and recent outbreaks have been reported in areas without previous endemic transmission and have led to fatalities and vertical transmission resulting in adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Enlargement of Choroid Plexus in Subacute COVID-19 Patients
The choroid plexus is a network of capillaries whose main role involves facilitating cerebrospinal fluid production and the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the central nervous system and the bloodstream. Immune cells are present near the choroid plexus. Enlargement of the choroid plexus has been noted in patients with multiple sclerosis.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
Abandoning Universal COVID Admission Screening; Does Obesity Affect HIV Drug Levels? Eat Your Fruits and Vegetables!
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Out of Africa Again? A New Version of Mpox
A novel mpox clade has emerged in Africa and has the potential for a global epidemic.
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Effectiveness and Safety of Transitioning to Oral Antibiotics in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients with Uncomplicated Gram-Negative Bloodstream Infection
In a retrospective observational study, transitioning to oral antibiotics was demonstrated to be as effective and safer in solid organ transplant recipients with uncomplicated gram-negative bacteremia as compared with completion of therapy with intravenous antibiotics.
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Extensively Drug-Resistant Shigella on the Rise
The prevalence of Shigella resistant to azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, ceftriaxone, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and ampicillin is increasing.
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Delusional Infestation
Delusional infestation, previously known as delusional parasitosis, is a condition with which patients believe that their bodies are infested with abnormal living organisms or non-living substances. Many patients can recover with a good therapeutic clinician-patient relationship and, usually, the use of risperidone, aripiprazole, or olanzapine.
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Dengue Is Surging, Including in the Americas
Dengue is surging, and cases have been acquired in the United States, including in Puerto Rico and Florida.