Infectious Disease
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Evidence of Clinical Efficacy of Bebtelovimab in COVID-19
A retrospective study found that bebtelovimab has efficacy similar to that of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (Paxlovid) in the treatment of high-risk outpatients with recent onset of COVID-19 who have mild to moderate symptoms.
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Oseltamivir for Pediatric Inpatients with Influenza
A large study of children hospitalized with influenza clearly shows that oseltamivir given at or near the time of admission is effective in reducing the duration of hospitalization, reducing the requirement for intensive care, and reducing subsequent readmissions within the week after discharge.
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Antibiotic Resistance: We Were Doing Great and then COVID Happened
After improvement, antimicrobial resistance in the United States significantly increased.
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The Dental Procedure-Infective Endocarditis Link Controversy Continues
Infective endocarditis was more common with dental surgery or tooth extractions in the preceding four weeks in high-risk patients. Researchers abrogated this risk with antibiotic prophylaxis before the procedure.
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Bivalent COVID-19 Vaccine (Booster Dose)
The FDA has amended the emergency use authorizations of two leading COVID-19 vaccines. Now, these new bivalent formulations can be used as a single booster dose (after primary or booster vaccination).
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How Did Paralytic Polio Re-Emerge in the U.S.?
Most outbreaks globally are attributed to vaccine-derived polio, or type 2. Cases of the type 2 form of polio stem from the large-scale, global use of the oral polio vaccine, a solution that contains a live (but weakened) virus.
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Frontline Providers Must Consider Dual Threats of AFM Resurgence, Polio Return
The CDC is advising frontline providers of a potential surge in cases of acute flaccid myelitis (AFM), a rare, polio-like complication of certain enteroviruses. Concurrently, there are concerns about the re-emergence of poliomyelitis.
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Kindergarten Vaccine Rates: Post-COVID
The COVID-19 pandemic caused disruption in healthcare delivery for everyone. Schools continue to struggle to meet the Healthy People 2030 Nationwide target of ≥ 95% coverage for measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccination in kindergarteners, and COVID-19 did not help. Remarkably, the nationwide vaccine rate for children entering kindergarten in the 2020-2021 school year was decreased by only 1% for all vaccines compared with the previous year.
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Rehospitalization Common in Herpes Encephalitis
Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE) is the most common cause of infectious encephalitis in the United States, accounting for around 30% of all causes of infectious encephalitis in the United States. With the advent of antiviral therapy and improved diagnostic measures, mortality and morbidity have improved over the past few decades, but patients remain at risk for long-term neurologic sequelae and even relapse.
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U.S. Endemic Fungal Infection Surveillance
In the United States in 2019, 29,061 cases of coccidioidomycosis were reported, as were 1,124 cases of histoplasmosis and 240 of blastomycosis.