Infectious Disease
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Clinical Briefs
In this section: The measurement of C-reactive protein in hidradenitis patients may enhance assessment of disease severity; studying the relationship between gut flora and mood disorders; and weighing the benefits of administration of pre-exposure prophylaxis immediately before and after sexual activity.
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Lesinurad Tablets (Zurampic)
Lesinurad is a drug with a different mechanism of action to augment the action of a xanthine oxidase inhibitor, resulting in additional reduction of serum uric acid levels.
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Why Dentists Are Suddenly Smiling
In this meta-analysis of 51 randomized, controlled studies that included nearly 5000 patients, continuous positive airway pressure and oral appliances resulted in comparable and statistically significant reductions in blood pressure.
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Diabetes, Dementia, and Hormones
Higher levels of estrogen may exacerbate risks that type 2 diabetes pose for cognitive function decline in older women.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
Diagnostic Puzzle? Solved by The New York Times; Glucometers as Culprit; Shorter Isolation Times for TB
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Clinicians Are Skeptical of Early Warning Systems for Sepsis
While early warning systems for sepsis lead to clinical action, clinicians are skeptical and do not perceive them to be beneficial.
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Posaconazole Dosing — Beware!
The availability of two different oral formulations of posacozaole (oral suspension, delayed release tablets) with differing bioavailability and dosing requires great care by both prescribers and dispensing pharmacists in their use.
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Bronchiolitis
Bronchiolitis is a common infection caused by several different viruses; 20% of children in the United States seek medical care for respiratory syncytial virus , a common cause of bronchiolitis, during the first year of life. Supportive care is effective, but many children still receive pharmacologic treatments that have been proven to be ineffective.
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Outbreaks of Salmonellosis Associated with Turtles
Eight outbreaks with 473 cases of salmonellosis associated with small turtles occurred in the United States from 2011-2013, despite the 1975 ban of the sale and distribution of small pet turtles. The outbreaks disproportionately affected children younger than 5 years of age (55% of case-patients) and Hispanics (45% of case-patients).
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Both Azithromycin and Doxycycline Achieve a High Rate of Cure for Chlamydia
Although a well-conducted randomized clinical trial did not show that azithromycin was non-inferior to doxycycline for the treatment of chlamydia, both treatments resulted in a high rate of cure (97% and 100%, respectively).