Infectious Disease
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Predictive Accuracy of the New Risk Equation
In a large real-world population, the Pooled Cohort Risk Equation substantially overestimated five-year risk of cardiovascular events in adults without diabetes.
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Improving Blood Pressure Through Enhanced Sleep
The use of a benzodiazepine hypnotic among hypertensive patients was associated with improvements in both sleep scores and blood pressure.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
Travel Recommendations for Hajj; Dung and Tetracycline
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Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir Tablets (Epclusa)
The FDA has approved the first drug combination for the treatment of all six major genotypes of hepatitis C virus infections.
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Rotavirus Vaccination Prevents Febrile Seizures in Children
In Queensland, Australia, rotavirus vaccine was shown to be 36% effective in preventing emergency department presentation for febrile seizures among children up to two years following vaccination.
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Steroids Increase the Risk for Community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
A case-control study observed an increased risk for developing community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia with the use of systemic glucocorticoids. A distinct dose-response relationship was found.
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Antibiotics, Breastfeeding, and the Intestinal Microbiota
Breastfeeding is associated with less frequent bacterial infections and with less subsequent obesity. Using antibiotics reduces or removes these favorable effects of breastfeeding, perhaps via alterations in the intestinal microbiota.
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Guideline Update: Adults with Hospital-acquired and Ventilator-associated Pneumonia
The most notable new recommendation of the updated hospital-acquired pneumonia/ventilator-associated pneumonia guideline may be its endorsement of limiting the duration of antibiotic therapy to seven days in most cases.
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Varicella Zoster Virus and Granulomatous Arteritis
Varicella zoster virus antigen was identified in 11 of 11 aortas with pathologically verified granulomatous arteritis and in only five of 18 control aortas from surgical or autopsy specimens.
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Clinical Briefs
In this section: debunking an asthma treatment; more questions than answers with perioperative statin treatment; and another reason to stay away from cocaine.