Infectious Disease
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L-methylfolate for Bipolar Disorder
L-methylfolate improves some symptoms in major depression in people with type 1 bipolar disorder.
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Studies Find Cognitive Decline Reversible, Even if Patients Are ApoE4 Positive
Insulin resistance is associated with cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease. Patients who are positive for the apolipoprotein E4 gene are at increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease. This risk may be reversed by treating insulin resistance.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
The Origins of Smallpox Vaccine Virus; No More Fun Helping Mommy Bake; Annual Influenza Vaccination of Physicians
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Zoster Vaccine Recombinant Adjuvanted (Shingrix)
The FDA has approved a second zoster vaccine for the prevention of shingles in adults.
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Prevention of Clostridium difficile Recurrence by Orally Administered Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
Fecal microbiota transplantation orally administered in capsules was non-inferior to administration by colonoscopy.
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Unexpected Benefit of Pneumococcal Vaccine in Decreasing the Burden of Otitis Media
Surveillance data collected prospectively in Israel reveal a decline in progression from pneumococcal carriage to complex otitis media in both vaccine-targeted and non-vaccine serotypes following implementation of routine use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines. Vaccinating against pneumococcal serotypes causing early-life infections may reduce the risk of subsequently developing complex otitis media due to other organisms.
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Follow-up Blood Cultures in Gram-negative Bacteremia — Don’t Order Them
In contrast to blood cultures obtained on therapy in patients with Gram-positive bacteremia and endocarditis, follow-up blood cultures in patients with Gram-negative bacteremia seldom provide useful information.
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Spinal Epidural Abscess
Non-operative management of spinal epidural abscess is safe and effective in selected patients.
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Self-administered Weekly Therapy for Latent Tuberculosis Is Non-inferior to Directly Observed Therapy in the United States
A randomized clinical trial conducted in the United States and three other countries compared self-administered isoniazid and rifapentine with and without weekly reminders to directly observed therapy (DOT). Self-administered therapy without reminders was non-inferior to DOT in the United States; no other comparisons met non-inferiority criteria.
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The High Costs of Measles Investigations
Adding to the frustration of the re-emergence of measles — a childhood vaccine-preventable disease — are the labor-intensive high cost investigations to track down all people exposed to a case that was not immediately identified and isolated.