Infectious Disease
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PANDAS: Examining the Evidence for Treatment Options
Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal Infections (PANDAS) is a proposed disorder first named in 1998 that has been the subject of controversy in the literature. Although the debate has waned somewhat in the United States, it remains a topic of discussion in many European medical journals. A recent systematic review found no evidence for antimicrobial or immunomodulatory treatment for this condition.
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Antibiotic Cycling Is Not Useful for Reducing Antibiotic-resistant Gram-negative Pathogens in Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units
A randomized study that included eight intensive care units in Europe found no reduction in mortality or carriage of antibiotic-resistant gram-negative pathogens with antibiotic cycling compared to antibiotic mixing.
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Azithromycin Saves Lives in Africa
Approximately 200,000 preschool-aged children in communities in Malawi, Niger, and Tanzania were treated twice yearly with either azithromycin or placebo. Communities in which azithromycin was provided had 13.5% less all-cause mortality than did placebo-treated communities. In children 1 to 5 months of age, the mortality was 25% lower with azithromycin than with placebo.
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Fostamatinib Disodium Hexahydrate Tablets (Tavalisse)
Fostamatinib is indicated for the treatment of thrombocytopenia in adults with chronic immune thrombocytopenia with insufficient response to a previous treatment.
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Running and Health
In a review and meta-analysis of the effects of running and longevity, researchers concluded that running provides specific and significant health benefits and proposed a threshold above which more running provides diminishing returns.
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Sleep Habits and the Development of Dementia
The relationship between quality of sleep and the development of dementia is controversial and not yet clearly elucidated nor understood.
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Neurogenesis in Older, Healthy Brains
Healthy aging allows for hippocampal neurogenesis in the brains of adults into the eighth decade of life.
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Coffin Nail for Omega-3 Fatty Acids?
A meta-analysis of 10 randomized, controlled trials of omega-3 fatty acids for the prevention of coronary heart disease and major vascular events showed no significant effect on fatal and nonfatal coronary heart disease or any major vascular event. These results do not support the use of omega-3 fatty acids supplements in patients with prior coronary heart disease.
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Did We Catch Vfib Onset?
Did this patient develop ventricular fibrillation (Vfib) while the ECG in the figure was recorded?
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Efavirenz, Lamivudine, and Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate Tablets (Symfi)
Symfi is indicated as a complete regimen for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in adult and pediatric patients weighing at least 40 kg.