Infectious Disease
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Re-evaluating Steroid Therapy in Septic Shock
Two recent trials have provided more data regarding steroid therapy for septic shock.
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Encephalitis, Fever, and Doxycycline
Scrub typhus is a significant cause of acute encephalitis in north India and other parts of Asia and Africa. Doxycycline is a safe and effective treatment option.
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The Viral World Keeps on Going — Some Recent Activity
Ebola makes a comeback, but meets a vaccine. Lassa fever and Rift Valley fever also make their mark, while Keystone virus infects a teenager in Florida.
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Using Multilocus Sequence Typing for Surveillance and Discovery of Borrelia Species
Broad polymerase chain reaction screening followed by multilocus sequence typing is a useful method to understand the geographic distribution of Borrelia species causing human disease. Candidatus B. johnsonii (carried by bat ticks) was not known previously to infect humans. Its identification in a human patient suggests it may cause a relapsing fever syndrome.
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A Negative Nares Screen for MRSA Helps Exclude MRSA Pneumonia
A meta-analysis determined that nares screening for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has a high specificity and negative predictive value for MRSA pneumonia. MRSA nasal screening can be a useful tool for antimicrobial stewardship personnel to de-escalate empiric anti-MRSA therapy.
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Avatrombopag Tablets (Doptelet)
Doptelet is prescribed for adults with thrombocytopenia and chronic liver disease who are scheduled to undergo a medical procedure.
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‘The World Is Covered by a Thin Layer of Feces’
This study mirrors earlier work in New York City, which found that sand boxes and dog play areas often are contaminated with C. difficile.
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Oral Antibiotics May Increase the Risk for Nephrolithiasis
A case-control study found that receipt of an oral antibiotic in the preceding three to 12 months was associated with nephrolithiasis. The risk persisted up to five years, and younger patients were at increased risk.
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Does Childhood Adversity Affect the Menopausal Transition?
The number and timing of adverse childhood experiences in relation to puberty affect the risk of incident major depressive disorder in menopausal transition.
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Simple Prediction Tool Facilitates Diagnosis of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction
In patients with unexplained dyspnea, a score based on six noninvasive criteria can predict the likelihood of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.