Infectious Disease
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
The Great Leveler; Increased Cancer Risk in HIV (Even With Long-Term Suppression)
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Low-Carbohydrate Diet Increases Energy Expenditure
Consistent with the role of insulin and carbohydrate intake, a low-carbohydrate diet increases energy expenditure and facilitates the maintenance of weight loss.
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Prostatectomy Beats Watchful Waiting in Men Diagnosed With Prostate Cancer in the 1990s
In men with prostate cancer diagnosed in the 1990s (primarily by digital rectal exam), researchers found that radical prostatectomy offered an average survival benefit of 2.9 years over watchful waiting.
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Playing Opossum: A New Model of Antibiotic and Immune Resistance
Researchers observed nongrowing cells of Salmonella that remained persistent, resisted antibiotics, and retained infectivity.
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Rifamycin Delayed-Release Tablets (Aemcolo)
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A Rabies Death in Virginia
A Virginia resident who had not received pre- or post-exposure prophylaxis died of rabies resulting from a dog bite during a prolonged trip to India. Many exposed healthcare workers subsequently received post-exposure prophylaxis.
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Rotavirus Vaccine and Hospitalization for Seizures
In an analysis of insurance claims for 1.8 million U.S. children with 2,950 recorded seizures, researchers found that the risk of hospitalization for seizures was 24% lower in rotavirus-vaccinated children.
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Duration of Intravenous Antibiotic Therapy for Late-Onset Neonatal Group B Streptococcal Bacteremia
Although standard treatment of late-onset neonatal group B Streptococcus bacteremia includes intravenous antibiotic therapy for 10 days, shorter courses seem safe and effective.
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A Nosocomial Outbreak at the NIH Clinical Center From Sphingomonas koreensis, a Rare Human Pathogen
A genomic and epidemiologic investigation of an outbreak at the National Institutes of Health Clinical Center determined that S. koreensis was an opportunistic human pathogen that persisted in a reservoir in the hospital plumbing.
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Treatment of Gram-Negative Bacteremia: How Long Is Long Enough?
Antibiotic administration for seven days is sufficient in stable patients with Gram-negative bacteremia.