Infectious Disease Topics
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FDA Is Approving New Antibiotics — But Is the Result Just Higher Prices for More of the Same?
Eight new antibiotics received FDA approval from 2010-2015.
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Warning: Reactivation of Hepatitis B Virus Coinfection During Treatment of Chronic Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Prior to initiation of hepatitis C virus treatment with direct-acting antivirals, patients should be screened for hepatitis B virus coinfection. Those who are hepatitis B virus-infected should receive ongoing monitoring for flares and reactivation of hepatitis B.
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HPV Vaccines: Why Are We Failing to Vaccinate so Many of Our Adolescents?
Barriers to HPV vaccination are multiple.
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Raccoon Roundworm Infection Associated with Central Nervous System and Ocular Disease
During a two-year period, six cases of neural Baylisascaris larva migrans and one case of ocular larva migrans were identified by case report forms and serologic testing submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. All patients survived, but some were left with severe neurologic sequelae.
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Reported Beta-lactam Allergy Is Associated with More Adverse Events Among Inpatients
A prospective cohort study from three hospitals determined that patients who did not receive a preferred beta-lactam antibiotic were at greater risk for an adverse event (adjusted odds ratio, 3.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.28-7.89) compared to controls without a beta-lactam allergy.
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Adding Azithromycin to Standard Prophylaxis in Non-Elective Cesarean Sections?
Adding intravenous azithromycin to “routine” cephalosporin prophylaxis prior to non-elective cesarean section delivery significantly reduces the risk of postpartum endometritis and wound infection.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
HBV Infection in the HAART Era; Current Trends in Salmonella Resistance
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Zika Virus Infection in Utah — Transmission by Mysterious Means
A caretaker of a patient with extreme viremia due to Zika virus became infected by the virus by uncertain means, but most likely as a consequence of close contact with body fluids.
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Endocarditis After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement
While the incidence of infective endocarditis after transcatheter aortic valve replacement is low, the resultant morbidity and mortality is severe. Enterococci were the leading cause, a finding that raises questions about appropriate peri-procedural antibiotic prophylaxis.
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Houston, We Have a Problem: Eosinophilic Meningitis in Children
In addition to causing eosinophilic meningitis in tropical regions, Angiostrongylus cantonensis now has been associated with chronic, otherwise unexplained fever in children in Texas.