Infectious Disease Topics
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Markers and Mechanisms of Chronic Fatigue Following Mononucleosis
Chronic disabling fatigue affects up to 2% of adolescents and often follows Epstein-Barr virus-related mononucleosis. No clinically significant infectious, immune, neuroendocrine, or autonomic biomarker or pathophysiologic mechanism has been identified to differentiate those with mononucleosis who go on to develop chronic fatigue from those who recover.
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Cefazolin and Ertapenem as Salvage Therapy in Methicillin-Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
Cefazolin (CZ) and ertapenem combination therapy was successfully used to salvage 11 cases of persistent methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. Modest in vitro synergy between CZ and ertapenem was demonstrated on testing of six clinical isolates, but in vivo activity appeared more potent in an animal model than as predicted by in vitro activity.
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Fulminant Clostridioides difficile Infection: Hold the IV Metronidazole?
The combination of oral vancomycin and intravenous metronidazole is not superior to vancomycin alone in the treatment of fulminant infection due to Clostridioides difficile.
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What Is the Risk of Joint Prosthesis Infection Resulting From Bacteremia?
The risk of periprosthetic joint infection resulting from bacteremia depends on the organism.
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Preventing Readmissions and Optimizing Outcomes for Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia: Still a Long Journey Ahead
Using a population-based database, investigators found that the rate of readmission within 30 days following hospitalization for S. aureus bacteremia was high (22%) and resulted in high cost to the healthcare system.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
Intestinal Yeast Revisited — With a New Angle; Preemptive Steroids for TB/HIV Treatment; Fluoroquinolone for Exposure to Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis
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Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing in Cystic Fibrosis — An Unfortunate Failure
The results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing of respiratory isolates from patients with cystic fibrosis failed to predict outcomes of antibiotic therapy.
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Recurrent Clostridioides difficile Infection: Better Outcomes With Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Than With Antibiotics
Relative to vancomycin or metronidazole treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection, treatment with fecal microbiota transplantation is associated with a reduced risk of bloodstream infection, shorter hospital length of stay, and improved survival.
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Fatal Bacteremia Due to Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
Two patients developed bacteremia due to an extended-spectrum beta-lactamase producing Escherichia coli that had been transmitted to them via stool transplantation.
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Uninfected Children Exposed Prenatally to HIV Exhibit Language Delays
In South Africa, uninfected children exposed to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) exhibit delays in receptive and expressive language at 24 months compared to non-HIV-exposed children.