Infectious Disease Alert
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The Growing Threat of Pyelonephritis Caused by Antibiotic-resistant Escherichia Coli
In patients with acute pyelonephritis due to Escherichia coli presenting to one of 10 emergency departments, fluoroquinolone resistance ranged from 6.3% to 19.9%.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
Travel Recommendations for Hajj; Dung and Tetracycline
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Sofosbuvir and Velpatasvir Tablets (Epclusa)
The FDA has approved the first drug combination for the treatment of all six major genotypes of hepatitis C virus infections.
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Rotavirus Vaccination Prevents Febrile Seizures in Children
In Queensland, Australia, rotavirus vaccine was shown to be 36% effective in preventing emergency department presentation for febrile seizures among children up to two years following vaccination.
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Steroids Increase the Risk for Community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus Bacteremia
A case-control study observed an increased risk for developing community-acquired Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia with the use of systemic glucocorticoids. A distinct dose-response relationship was found.
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Antibiotics, Breastfeeding, and the Intestinal Microbiota
Breastfeeding is associated with less frequent bacterial infections and with less subsequent obesity. Using antibiotics reduces or removes these favorable effects of breastfeeding, perhaps via alterations in the intestinal microbiota.
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Guideline Update: Adults with Hospital-acquired and Ventilator-associated Pneumonia
The most notable new recommendation of the updated hospital-acquired pneumonia/ventilator-associated pneumonia guideline may be its endorsement of limiting the duration of antibiotic therapy to seven days in most cases.
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Varicella Zoster Virus and Granulomatous Arteritis
Varicella zoster virus antigen was identified in 11 of 11 aortas with pathologically verified granulomatous arteritis and in only five of 18 control aortas from surgical or autopsy specimens.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
C. diff. Risk in Veteran’s Long-term Care; Survival in Acute Liver Failure
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Too Much of a Good Thing
In the United States in 2010 and 2011, an estimated 30% of outpatient oral antibiotic prescriptions may have been inappropriate, a finding that supports the need for establishing a goal for outpatient antibiotic stewardship.