Infectious Disease Alert
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Repeat Infections with Endemic Coronaviruses and Possible Implications for COVID-19
Repeat infection with endemic seasonal coronavirus occurs commonly and raises concerns about immunity to SARS-CoV-2 as well as about the efficacy of vaccines in the protection against infection due to this virus.
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Dexamethasone for COVID-19 Inpatients Requiring Oxygen
Dexamethasone administration is associated with reduced 28-day mortality in oxygen-requiring COVID-19 patients, including those receiving mechanical ventilation.
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The COVID-19 Pandemic: What Comes Next? Lessons from Seasonal Coronaviruses
In temperate regions other than China, human seasonal coronaviruses circulate most heavily during the winter months, overlapping with influenza and respiratory syncytial virus — and this may be the eventual pattern for SARS-CoV-2.
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Infectious Disease Alert Updates
Metronidazole Neurotoxicity Is Real; 2020 Updated LTBI Treatment Guidelines; Risks of Hookah Smoking
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A New Treatment for Recurrent Bacterial Vaginosis?
In this randomized controlled trial of 228 women, Lactobacillus crispatus CTV-05 (Lactin-V) applied vaginally for 11 weeks reduced the incidence of recurrent bacterial vaginosis from 45% in the placebo arm to 30% in the Lactin-V arm.
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Immunomodulatory Treatment of Disseminated Coccidioidomycosis
A previously healthy 4-year-old boy with no prior serious illnesses was diagnosed with disseminated coccidioidomycosis with prominent skin and bone involvement. Despite treatment with liposomal amphotericin B, antifungal azoles, and surgical debridement, the patient developed progressive disease. Treatment with interferon-gamma slowed disease progression, and later treatment with interleukin-4 and interleukin-13 blockade induced remission of his infection.
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Rotavirus Vaccine Is Safe and Effective
Routine rotavirus vaccination of infants, when implemented broadly, is safe and is associated with reductions in diarrhea-related hospitalizations, mortality, and morbidity (such as malnutrition) in children.
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Outcomes with Daptomycin Plus a β-Lactam Compared to Daptomycin Alone for MRSA Bacteremia
In a retrospective cohort study, investigators found the addition of a β-lactam antibiotic to daptomycin led to less clinical failure (60-day all-cause mortality and/or 60-day recurrence) in patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia.
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COVID-19 in Early Infancy
An evaluation of 18 infants with COVID-19 in the first three months of their lives found that the illness generally was not severe despite the presence of very high viral loads.
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COVID-19: Lessons from Spring Break
A high rate of COVID-19 occurred as the result of an outbreak in spring breakers. Rapid recognition and intervention, as well as the youth and good health of those infected, was effective in limiting the adverse consequences.