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Several years ago, two different publications appeared showing that prolonged incubation of blood cultures beyond the initial five-day protocol for patients with suspected fastidious bacterial endocarditis did not yield significant additional pathogens with today's modern blood-culture media and automated methods.
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Malaria continues to be a global scourge, with nearly half the world's population living in malaria-endemic areas, 200-500 million annual clinical cases, and nearly a million annual deaths (almost all due to P. falciparum).
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In this issue: Aggressive approach to CVD reduces MI, folic acid and vitamin B12 for CAD, corticosteroids for acute exacerbations of COPD, prescription drug abuse among young adults, and ARBs and cancer risk.
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Since the release of initial CDC guidelines in 2005 for using the Quanti-FERON-TB Gold test, two additional interferon gamma-release assays (IGRAs) have been approved by the FDA, bringing the number of tests for detecting tuberculosis (TB) infection used in the United States to four.
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A prospective, population-based cohort study was conducted from 2002-2006 in the Netherlands of 4,164 children during the first year of life, and included questionnaires and physician-confirmed infections of the upper respiratory tract (URT), lower respiratory tract (LRT), and gastrointestinal tract (GI).
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Data for 64 HIV/HCV co-infected patients treated in a prospective study of pegylated IFN alpha + RBV were analyzed. IFN was administered at 180 mcg SQ/week and RBV was dosed at 800 mg daily for patients with HCV genotype 2 or 3 and 1,000-1,200 mg/day for the first 12 weeks in patients with genotype 1 or 4, then reduced to 800 mg/day until completion of therapy.
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The authors describe a previously healthy 44-year-old woman who presented with bacterial meningitis. On presentation, she was alert but complained of high fever and meningismus. She had no other neurologic symptoms.
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This prospective, open-label, randomized clinical trial was conducted at a large tertiary teaching hospital in Harare, Zimbabwe, in adult ART-naïve HIV-infected patients who received a first CM diagnosis.
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A critically ill patient, who was a heroin user, was admitted to a hospital in Scotland in December 2009 and was found to be infected with Bacillus anthracis.
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Healthcare providers have been constantly amazed at the variation in response to infection with HIV-1. In our clinic, we now routinely see elderly patients who have been on various antiretroviral regimens over the years but still persist with high CD4 counts and low viral loads.