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A multicenter, observational study retrospectively compared 59 individuals with acute or early HIV infection who elected to receive antiretroviral (ARV) therapy for 12 weeks to 337 patients who declined treatment.
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When ICU clinicians estimated rather than calculated ideal body weight in mechanically ventilated patients in order to set tidal volume, the majority of such estimations were sufficiently inaccurate that the resulting tidal volume was outside the unit's target range.
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In 2 studies, mechanical ventilation in a hospital with a high case volume was associated with reduced mortality for nonsurgical patients, either regardless of severity of illness (Kahn et al) or only in high-risk patients (Glance et al).
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ECG ST depression was strikingly predictive of outcomes in ACS patients, compared to new biomarkers.
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The administration of supplemental oxygen to laboring patients with nonreassuring fetal heart rate patterns increases fetal oxygen saturation substantially and significantly. Fetuses with the lowest initial oxygen saturations appear to increase the most.
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Each year in the United States, a few isolated cases of plague are reported. This year, possibly because of increased spring rains leading to an increase in the rodent population, an unprecedented 13 cases of plagues have occurred in 4 states already.
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Influenza can lead to death from pneumonia as well as exacerbations of underlying diseases of the heart, lungs, or other organ systems. More than 90% of deaths attributed to influenza and pneumonia occur in the elderly, and in the United States the mortality rate has been rising.
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In response to several high-profile drug misadventures including the rofecoxib (Vioxx®) withdrawal from the market, the FDA's Center for Drug Evaluation and Research (CDER) asked the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to assess the drug safety system in the United States.
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