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A case-control study of women in the Nurses Health Study Cohort showed that lower melatonin secretion is independently associated with a higher risk of developing type 2 diabetes. There is a physiologic basis for this finding since melatonin has a role in glucose metabolism and lack of melatonin is associated with increased insulin resistance.
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How do we involve patients in decisions about their health care? This study from the Informed Medical Decisions Foundation attempts to answer the question using the results of a survey conducted between 2010 and 2011 with a probability sample from across the United States.
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The FDA has approved paroxetine for the treatment of hot flashes (vasomotor symptoms) in postmenopausal women.
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In a large population of Caucasian women participating in the Womens Health Initiative Observational Study, those who used aspirin had a significantly lower risk of melanoma and increased duration of use was associated with incrementally greater protection.
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MRI scan was unable to discriminate between patients with favorable outcome and those with an unfavorable outcome when conducted at 1-year follow-up in patients who were treated for sciatica and disk herniation.
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This retrospective study of hospitalized patients receiving ceftriaxone found that additional treatment with doxycycline compared to other antibiotics was associated with a lower risk of Clostridium difficile infection.
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Statin use among cancer patients with diverse malignancies is associated with reduced cancer-related mortality. The mechanism is plausible since statins inhibit cholesterol synthesis, which reduces the pool of compounds necessary in cellular proliferation and maintenance of critical cellular functions, such as membrane integrity, signaling, protein synthesis, and cell cycle progression. Prospective clinical trials are warranted.
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Omalizumab for Asthma in Real Life; Tenofovir: New Hope for Hepatitis B Patients; H. pylori: Frequency of Recurrence After Successful Eradication
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The first in a new class of drugs has been approved by the FDA for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. This new class of drugs decreases the renal threshold for glucose excretion by inhibiting the sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2), thus increasing renal clearance of glucose. Canagliflozin is licensed from Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation and marketed by Janssen Pharmaceuticals as Invokana.
