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Emergency physicians deal with anticoagulation on a daily basis. We have all dealt with the bleeding patient on anticoagulants.
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Non-healing wounds represent a significant cause of morbidity and mortality for a large portion of the adult population. Wounds that fail to heal are entrapped in a self-sustaining cycle of inflammation. Treatments are aimed at the underlying cause of the wounds.
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Tuberculosis (TB) is the second most common infectious cause of death in adults worldwide after HIV/AIDS. Approximately one-third of the world's population, or approximately 2 billion people, are infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis.
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One of the most common manifestations of disease, fever in children remains controversial, misunderstood, and often is thought to be mysterious. The clinician always should realize that fever is not a disease itself, but a manifestation of a number of different disease processes. Because there are substantial differences in the cause and outcome of fever-generating illnesses in children of different ages, the discussion must consider age. Not surprisingly, there is a diversity of approaches to fever.
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Acute renal failure, characterized by sudden loss of the ability of the kidneys to excrete waste, concentrate urine, conserve electrolytes, and maintain fluid balance, is a frequent clinical problem.
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In the past few years, new strategies in the management of sepsis have shown significant mortality benefits. This article addresses aspects regarding the management of sepsis, including appropriate fluid administration, medications, and other evidence-based strategies necessary for the treatment of septic patients in the emergency department. With the incorporation of these new practice strategies in addition to the guidelines published by the Surviving Sepsis Campaign, emergency physicians can contribute to a significant decrease in sepsis mortality in the years to come.
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Part I of this two-part series on bites and stings covered the diagnosis and management of mammalian bites and insect stings. Part II will examine the management of snake and reptile bites as well as bites and stings from marine animals.
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With their variable and unpredictable results, bites and stings can be vexing for the ED physician to assess and treat. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview for treatment of the most important bites and stings encountered in the United States. Due to the popularity of the exotic pet trade, some non-native species now commonly held in captivity in private homes in the United States also will be discussed, especially when specific anti-venom is available.
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